ArticleJAMA internal medicine2017
Work-Family Conflict and the Sex Difference in Depression Among Training Physicians.
Article in JAMA internal medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07087119 (A Pilot Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 88 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Pilot Study: Exploring The Role Of an Artificial Intelligence Powered Mental Health Support Tool For Mental Health Wellness For Physicians In Training
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 211 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex Differences in Academic Productivity Across Academic Ranks and Specialties in Academic Medicine: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2021Pooled it
- Occupational Stress, Burnout, and Depression in Women in Healthcare During COVID-19 Pandemic: Rapid Scoping Review.Frontiers in global women's health · 2020Pooled it
- Association Between Physician Depressive Symptoms and Medical Errors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2019Pooled it
- Digital Engagement Strategy and Health Care Worker Mental Health: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Sudarshan Kriya Yoga Breathing and a Meditation Program for Burnout Among Physicians: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Impact of virtual group-based acceptance and commitment therapy on social adjustment and work-family conflict among intern nurses: a randomized control trial.BMC psychiatry · 2023Trial
- Off-Duty Internet Use and Depression: The Japanese Civil Servants Study.JMA journal · 2026Article
- Alignment of United States Emergency Medicine Programs' Pregnancy, Parental Leave, and Lactation Policies With Recent Consensus Recommendations.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2026Article
- Latent profiles analysis of spiritual orientation and psychological well-being among female healthcare workers.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Gender Differences in Self-Assessment Among Clerkship Medical Students Despite Equivalent Academic and Clinical Performance.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2026Article
- Heterogeneous impacts of work-family conflict on workforce mental health: evidence from the differential effects of work-to-family and family-to-work conflict.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Work-life realities of doctors in Georgia and their impact on mental health and work-related well-being: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Training needs and influencing factors among rural-oriented general practitioners in Chongqing, China: a cross-sectional survey and latent profile analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Associations between work-family conflict and depressive symptoms and effect modification by social support and income among Japanese workers: A community-based cross-sectional study.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- Quercetin as a Novel Antidepressant: Mechanistic Insights into Its Neuroprotective and Anti-inflammatory Effects.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Emotional Processing and Psychological Well-Being of Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Resident physician depression: systemic challenges and possible solutions.Trends in molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Work-family conflict, overwork and mental health of female employees in China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- The relationship between work-family conflict, stress and depression among Chinese correctional officers: a mediation and network analysis study.BMC public health · 2024Article
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Importance: Depression is common among training physicians and may disproportionately affect women. The identification of modifiable risk factors is key to reducing this disease burden and its negative impact on patient care and physician career attrition. Objective: To determine the presence and magnitude of a sex difference in depressive symptoms and work-family conflict among training physicians; and if work-family conflict impacts the sex difference in depressive symptoms among training physicians. Design, Setting, and Participants: A prospective longitudinal cohort study of medical internship in the United States during the 2015 to 2016 academic year in which 3121 interns were recruited across all specialties from 44 medical institutions. Main Outcomes and Measures: Prior to and during their internship year, participants reported the degree to which work responsibilities interfered with family life using the Work Family Conflict Scale and depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results: Mean (SD) participant age was 27.5 (2.7) years, and 1571 participants (49.7%) were women. Both men and women experienced a marked increase in depressive symptoms during their internship year, with the increase being statistically significantly greater for women (men: mean increase in PHQ-9, 2.50; 95% CI, 2.26-2.73 vs women: mean increase, 3.20; 95% CI, 2.97-3.43). When work-family conflict was accounted for, the sex disparity in the increase in depressive symptoms decreased by 36%. Conclusions and Relevance: Our study demonstrates that depressive symptoms increase substantially during the internship year for men and women, but that this increase is greater for women. The study also identifies work-family conflict as an important potentially modifiable factor that is associated with elevated depressive symptoms in training physicians. Systemic modifications to alleviate conflict between work and family life may improve physician mental health and reduce the disproportionate depression disease burden for female physicians. Given that depression among physicians is associated with poor patient care and career attrition, efforts to alleviate depression among physicians has the potential to reduce the negative consequences associated with this disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.