ArticleMalaria journal2017
Detection of Plasmodium falciparum DNA in saliva samples stored at room temperature: potential for a non-invasive saliva-based diagnostic test for malaria.
Article in Malaria journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Accuracy of malaria diagnostic tests performed on non-invasively collected samples: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2021Pooled it
- Noninvasive malaria detection beyond blood sampling.Sensors & diagnostics · 2026Review
- Detection of Treponema pallidum tpp47 DNA in clinical samples of syphilis patients.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Detection ofDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Urine and Saliva: Relevant Specimens for Malaria Diagnosis?Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Noninvasive Approach ofBioMed research international · 2022Article
- Improving the Molecular Diagnosis of Malaria: Droplet Digital PCR-Based Method Using Saliva as a DNA Source.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Optimization of DNA Extraction from Field-Collected Mammalian Whole Blood on Filter Paper forPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Zoonotic Blood-Borne Pathogens in Non-Human Primates in the Neotropical Region: A Systematic Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Method for Malaria Diagnosis Based on Extractions of Samples Using Non-Invasive Techniques: An Opportunity for the Nursing Clinical Practice.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Evaluation of Malaria Diagnostic Methods as a Key for Successful Control and Elimination Programs.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2020Review
- Epidemiology ofInfection and drug resistance · 2019Article
- A Novel Non-invasive Method to Detect RELM Beta Transcript in Gut Barrier Related Changes During a Gastrointestinal Nematode Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Epidemiological data of falciparum malaria in Ado-Odo/Ota, Southwest Ogun State, Nigeria.Data in brief · 2018Article
- PCR-based detection ofTropical medicine and health · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCurrent malaria diagnostic methods require blood collection, that may be associated with pain and the risk of transmitting blood-borne pathogens, and often create poor compliance when repeated sampling is needed. On the other hand, the collection of saliva is minimally invasive; but saliva has not been widely used for the diagnosis of malaria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of saliva collected and stored at room temperature using the OMNIgene
methodsPaired blood and saliva samples were collected from 222 febrile patients in Cameroon. Saliva samples were collected using the OMNIgene
resultsPrevalence of malaria detected by TFM, nPCR-saliva and nPCR-blood was 22, 29, and 35%, respectively. Using TFM as the gold standard, the sensitivity of nPCR-saliva and nPCR-blood in detecting P. falciparum was 95 and 100%, respectively; with corresponding specificities of 93 and 87%. When nPCR-blood was used as gold standard, the sensitivity of nPCR-saliva and microscopy was 82 and 68%, respectively; whereas, the specificity was 99 and 100%, respectively. Nested PCR-saliva had a very good agreement with both TFM (kappa value 0.8) and blood PCR (kappa value 0.8). At parasitaemia > 10,000 parasites/µl of blood, the sensitivity of nPCR-saliva was 100%. Nested PCR-saliva detected 16 sub-microscopic malaria infections. One year after sample collection, P. falciparum DNA was detected in 80% of saliva samples stored at room temperature.
conclusionsSaliva can potentially be used as an alternative non-invasive sample for the diagnosis of malaria and the OMNIgene
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