ArticleNature protocols2017
The assembly and use of continuous flow systems for chemical synthesis.
Article in Nature protocols, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Chemputer and chemputation-A universal chemical compound synthesis machine.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Capillary-Driven 3D Open Fluidic Networks for Versatile Continuous Flow Manipulation.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Flow-to-Flow Technology: Amide Formation in the Absence of Traditional Coupling Reagents Using DPDTC.ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering · 2025Article
- Continuous flow synthesis and post-synthetic conversion of single-crystalline covalent organic frameworks.Chemical science · 2024Article
- A field guide to flow chemistry for synthetic organic chemists.Chemical science · 2023Review
- Quid Pro Flow.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2023Review
- Towards Antibiotic Synthesis in Continuous-Flow Processes.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Technological Innovations in Photochemistry for Organic Synthesis: Flow Chemistry, High-Throughput Experimentation, Scale-up, and Photoelectrochemistry.Chemical reviews · 2022Review
- Continuous Flow Synthesis of Anticancer Drugs.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Recent and Future Advances in the Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Homogeneous Glycans for Bacterial Glycoconjugate Vaccine Development.Vaccines · 2021Review
- C-N Bond Formation by Consecutive Continuous-Flow Reductions towards A Medicinally Relevant Piperazine Derivative.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Continuous Flow Sodiation of Substituted Acrylonitriles, Alkenyl Sulfides and Acrylates.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2021Article
- A comprehensive review of flow chemistry techniques tailored to the flavours and fragrances industries.Beilstein journal of organic chemistry · 2021Review
- Preparation of Functionalized Aryl, Heteroaryl, and Benzylic Potassium Organometallics Using Potassium Diisopropylamide in Continuous Flow.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2020Article
- The Medicinal Chemistry in the Era of Machines and Automation: Recent Advances in Continuous Flow Technology.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2020Review
- Continuous Flow Photochemical and Thermal Multi-Step Synthesis of Bioactive 3-Arylmethylene-2,3-Dihydro-1Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Multistep Solvent-Free 3 mACS sustainable chemistry & engineering · 2019Article
- Considerations when Measuring Biocatalyst Performance.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Perspectives on the Use of Liquid Extraction for Radioisotope Purification.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The adoption of and opportunities in continuous flow synthesis ('flow chemistry') have increased significantly over the past several years. Continuous flow systems provide improved reaction safety and accelerated reaction kinetics, and have synthesised several active pharmaceutical ingredients in automated reconfigurable systems. Although continuous flow platforms are commercially available, systems constructed 'in-lab' provide researchers with a flexible, versatile, and cost-effective alternative. Herein, we describe the assembly and use of a modular continuous flow apparatus from readily available and affordable parts in as little as 30 min. Once assembled, the synthesis of a sulfonamide by reacting 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride with dibenzylamine in a single reactor coil with an in-line quench is presented. This example reaction offers the opportunity to learn several important skills including reactor construction, charging of a back-pressure regulator, assembly of stainless-steel syringes, assembly of a continuous flow system with multiple junctions, and yield determination. From our extensive experience of single-step and multistep continuous flow synthesis, we also describe solutions to commonly encountered technical problems such as precipitation of solids ('clogging') and reactor failure. Following this protocol, a nonspecialist can assemble a continuous flow system from reactor coils, syringes, pumps, in-line liquid-liquid separators, drying columns, back-pressure regulators, static mixers, and packed-bed reactors.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.