ArticleVirology2018
Intramuscular delivery of replication-defective herpes simplex virus gives antigen expression in muscle syncytia and improved protection against pathogenic HSV-2 strains.
Article in Virology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Direct comparison of three herpes simplex virus-2 vaccine candidates using peripheral or mucosal routes of vaccination.Vaccine · 2026Article
- The Path Towards Effective Long-Lasting Tissue-Targeted Prime/Pull/Keep Herpes Simplex Therapeutic Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of an mRNA Vaccine Targeting HSV-2 UL41 in Mice.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Asymptomatic neonatal herpes simplex virus infection in mice leads to persistent CNS infection and long-term cognitive impairment.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Article
- Immunological Considerations for the Development of an Effective Herpes Vaccine.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- The Quest for Immunity: Exploring Human Herpesviruses as Vaccine Vectors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Review
- Combinatorial Herpes Simplex Vaccine Strategies: From Bedside to Bench and Back.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Guinea Pig and Mouse Models for Genital Herpes Infection.Current protocols · 2021Article
- Review
- Vaccination Route as a Determinant of Protective Antibody Responses against Herpes Simplex Virus.Vaccines · 2020Article
- Vaccines to prevent genital herpes.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Murine Model of Maternal Immunization Demonstrates Protective Role for Antibodies That Mediate Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity in Protecting Neonates From Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and Type 2.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Therapeutic Mucosal Vaccination of Herpes Simplex Virus 2-Infected Guinea Pigs with Ribonucleotide Reductase 2 (RR2) Protein Boosts Antiviral Neutralizing Antibodies and Local Tissue-Resident CD4Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) is the leading cause of genital herpes and increases the risk of HIV infection, but there is no effective vaccine. A replication-defective HSV-2 mutant virus, dl5-29, is effective in animal models and has been in a phase I trial. Previous studies have shown that dl5-29 gives higher antibody responses and better protection when inoculated intramuscularly (IM) as compared with subcutaneously (SC). However, the basis for this effect has not been defined. We confirmed that IM inoculation of dl5-29 is more immunogenic and provides better protection than SC inoculation. IM inoculation of HSV-2 strains produced higher levels of a luciferase transgene than SC inoculation, as measured by intravital bioluminescence imaging. Intramuscular immunization also showed better protection against infection with a highly pathogenic African HSV-2, demonstrating that this single vaccine can be efficacious against HSV-2 strains from different geographic regions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.