ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)2016
A randomized controlled study to evaluate the effect of bexarotene on amyloid-β and apolipoprotein E metabolism in healthy subjects.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02061878 (A Randomized Controlled Study to Evaluate the Effect of Bexarotene - an RXR Agonist - on Beta-Amyloid and Apolipoprotein E Metabolism in Healthy Subjects), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized Controlled Study to Evaluate the Effect of Bexarotene - an RXR Agonist - on Beta-Amyloid and Apolipoprotein E Metabolism in Healthy Subjects
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disentangling the inverse relationship between cancer and Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease: A systematic review on Mendelian randomization studies.Neurobiology of disease · 2025Pooled it
- Anticancer drugs repurposed for Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2021Pooled it
- Myeloid Cell-Specific Retinoid X Receptor Signaling Facilitates White Matter Repair and Stroke Recovery in Aged Mice.Stroke · 2026Article
- Molecular mechanisms of exercise-induced improvements in Alzheimer's disease: a focus on lipid homeostasis.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- APOE Lipoprotein Particles: Pathophysiology, Therapy, and the Crosstalk in Alzheimer's Disease and Cardiovascular Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Article
- APOE-Targeted Therapeutics for Alzheimer's Disease.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Review
- Apolipoprotein E in Alzheimer's disease: molecular insights and therapeutic opportunities.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- Mechanisms to medicines: navigating drug repurposing strategies in Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Review
- Prevalence of ApoE Alleles in a Spanish Population of Patients with a Clinical Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease: An Observational Case-Control Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Observational
- Multifaceted roles of APOE in Alzheimer disease.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2024Review
- Amyloid-β in Alzheimer's disease: Structure, toxicity, distribution, treatment, and prospects.Ibrain · 2024Review
- A Biomimetic Multiparametric Assay to Characterise Anti-Amyloid Drugs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Apolipoprotein E in lipid metabolism and neurodegenerative disease.Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM · 2023Review
- Protein kinetics of superoxide dismutase-1 in familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2023Article
- Drug screening identifies tazarotene and bexarotene as therapeutic agents in multiple sulfatase deficiency.EMBO molecular medicine · 2023Article
- Lipid metabolism and Alzheimer's disease: clinical evidence, mechanistic link and therapeutic promise.The FEBS journal · 2023Review
- ApoE in Alzheimer's disease: pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2022Review
- APOE in the bullseye of neurodegenerative diseases: impact of the APOE genotype in Alzheimer's disease pathology and brain diseases.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2022Review
- Recruitment of the CoREST transcription repressor complexes by Nerve Growth factor IB-like receptor (Nurr1/NR4A2) mediates silencing of HIV in microglial cells.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionWe conducted a phase Ib proof of mechanism trial to determine whether bexarotene (Targretin) increases central nervous system (CNS) apolipoprotein E (apoE) levels and alters Aβ metabolism in normal healthy individuals with the
methodsWe used stable isotope labeling kinetics (SILK-ApoE and SILK-Aβ) to measure the effect of bexarotene on the turnover rate of apoE and Aβ peptides and stable isotope spike absolute quantitation (SISAQ) to quantitate their concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Normal subjects were treated for 3 days with bexarotene (n = 3 women, 3 men, average 32 years old) or placebo (n = 6 women, average 30.2 years old) before administration of C
resultsOral administration of bexarotene resulted in plasma levels of 1 to 2 μM; however, only low nM levels were found in CSF. Bexarotene increased CSF apoE by 25% but had no effect on metabolism of Aβ peptides. DISCUSSION: Bexarotene has poor CNS penetration in normal human subjects. Drug treatment resulted in a modest increase in CSF apoE levels. The absence of an effect on Aβ metabolism is likely reflective of the low CNS levels of bexarotene achieved. This study documents the utility of SILK-ApoE technology in measuring apoE kinetics in humans.
trial registrationThis trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02061878).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.