ArticleArthritis research & therapy2017
Urine S100 proteins as potential biomarkers of lupus nephritis activity.
Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- S100 proteins in IgA vasculitis and other systemic vasculitides - from pathogenic mechanisms to clinical biomarkers: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Diagnostic value of TWEAK for predicting active lupus nephritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Renal failure · 2021Pooled it
- Molecular and Cellular Mediators of Renal Fibrosis in Lupus Nephritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Urinary Biomarkers Associated With Pathogenic Pathways Reflecting Histologic Findings in Lupus Nephritis.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Updates on the Role of Innate Immunity's Pattern Recognition Receptors in Vitiligo Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Potential.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2025Review
- Applying 12 machine learning algorithms and Non-negative Matrix Factorization for robust prediction of lupus nephritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Elevated Level of Circulating but Not Urine S100A8/A9 Identifies Poor COVID-19 Outcomes.ACS infectious diseases · 2023Article
- S100A6 Protein-Expression and Function in Norm and Pathology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Deficient leptin receptor signaling in T cells of human SLE.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Damage-associated molecular patterns in vitiligo: igniter fuse from oxidative stress to melanocyte loss.Redox report : communications in free radical research · 2022Review
- S100 Proteins as Novel Therapeutic Targets in Psoriasis and Other Autoimmune Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Exosomes as Crucial Players in Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Journal of immunology research · 2022Review
- Vitronectin, a Novel Urinary Proteomic Biomarker, Promotes Cell Pyroptosis in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Mediators of inflammation · 2022Article
- S100A8 in Serum, Urine, and Saliva as a Potential Biomarker for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Glomerular Expression of S100A8 in Lupus Nephritis: An Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- From bench to bedside: Calprotectin (S100A8/S100A9) as a biomarker in rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Genetic in situ engineering of myeloid regulatory cells controls inflammation in autoimmunity.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2021Article
- Biomarkers Associated with Organ-Specific Involvement in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Proteomics Profiling of the Urine of Patients with Hyperthyroidism after Anti-Thyroid Treatment.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Value of monitoring urine ammonia at time of biopsy in patients with lupus nephritis.BMC nephrology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImproved, noninvasive biomarkers are needed to accurately detect lupus nephritis (LN) activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate five S100 proteins (S100A4, S100A6, S100A8/9, and S100A12) in both serum and urine as potential biomarkers of global and renal system-specific disease activity in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE).
methodsIn this multicenter study, S100 proteins were measured in the serum and urine of four cSLE cohorts and healthy control subjects using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Patients were divided into cohorts on the basis of biospecimen availability: (1) longitudinal serum, (2) longitudinal urine, (3) cross-sectional serum, and (4) cross-sectional urine. Global and renal disease activity were defined using the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) and the SLEDAI-2K renal domain score. Nonparametric testing was used for statistical analysis, including the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.
resultsAll urine S100 proteins were elevated in patients with active LN compared with patients with active extrarenal disease and healthy control subjects. All urine S100 protein levels decreased with LN improvement, with S100A4 demonstrating the most significant decrease. Urine S100A4 levels were also higher with proliferative LN than with membranous LN. S100A4 staining in the kidney localized to mononuclear cells, podocytes, and distal tubular epithelial cells. Regardless of the S100 protein tested, serum levels did not change with cSLE improvement.
conclusionsHigher urine S100 levels are associated with increased LN activity in cSLE, whereas serum S100 levels do not correlate with disease activity. Urine S100A4 shows the most promise as an LN activity biomarker, given its pronounced decrease with LN improvement, isolated elevation in urine, and positive staining in resident renal cells.
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