ArticleJournal of neurovirology2018
Variability in C-reactive protein is associated with cognitive impairment in women living with and without HIV: a longitudinal study.
Article in Journal of neurovirology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship between HIV-1 neuroinflammation, neurocognitive impairment and encephalitis pathology: A systematic review of studies investigating post-mortem brain tissue.Reviews in medical virology · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of Semaglutide on Cognitive Function in People With HIV: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Trial
- Remitted depression and cognition in HIV: The role of cortisol and inflammation.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2020Trial
- A single low dose of hydrocortisone enhances cognitive functioning in HIV-infected women.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Trial
- Plasma suPAR and domain-specific cognitive performance in virologically suppressed women with HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Article
- Inflammation in frailty, cognitive impairment, clinical events, and mortality among older adults with HIV in the ACTG HAILO cohort.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Observational
- Cognitive rehabilitation among long COVID patients using vibratory and auditory treatment (VAT) is linked to BDNF.Frontiers in cognition · 2025Article
- A Pilot Investigation of the Association Between Vpr Amino Acid Substitutions and Peripheral Immune Marker Levels in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Implications for Neurocognitive Impairment.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Accelerated aging in people living with HIV: The neuroimmune feedback model.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- A pilot investigation of the association between HIV-1 Vpr amino acid sequence diversity and the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway as a potential mechanism for neurocognitive impairment.Virology journal · 2024Article
- The Impact of COVID-19 on People Living with HIV-1 and HIV-1-Associated Neurological Complications.Viruses · 2023Review
- The Association Between Objectively-Measured Physical Activity and Cognitive Functioning in Middle-Aged and Older People Living with HIV.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Cognitive impairment in long-COVID and its association with persistent dysregulation in inflammatory markers.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Neuroinflammation in HIV-associated depression: evidence and future perspectives.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Review
- Blood biomarkers for HIV infection with focus on neurologic complications-A review.Acta neurologica Scandinavica · 2022Review
- Article
- Soluble Biomarkers of Cognition and Depression in Adults with HIV Infection in the Combination Therapy Era.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Review
- Sex-specific associations between cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory marker levels and cognitive function in antiretroviral treated people living with HIV in rural Uganda.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2021Article
- Chronically elevated depressive symptoms interact with acute increases in inflammation to predict worse neurocognition among people with HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2021Article
- Starting or Switching to an Integrase Inhibitor-Based Regimen Affects PTSD Symptoms in Women with HIV.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Despite the availability of effective antiretroviral therapies, cognitive impairment (CI) remains prevalent in HIV-infected (HIV+) individuals. Evidence from primarily cross-sectional studies, in predominantly male samples, implicates monocyte- and macrophage-driven inflammatory processes linked to HIV-associated CI. Thus, peripheral systemic inflammatory markers may be clinically useful biomarkers in tracking HIV-associated CI. Given sex differences in immune function, we focused here on whether mean and intra-individual variability in inflammatory marker-predicted CI in HIV+ and HIV- women. Seventy-two HIV+ (36 with CI) and 58 HIV- (29 with CI) propensity-matched women participating in the Women's Interagency HIV Study completed a neuropsychological battery once between 2009 and 2011, and performance was used to determine CI status. Analysis of 13 peripheral immune markers was conducted on stored biospecimens at three time points (7 and 3.5 years before neuropsychological data collection and concurrent with data collection). HIV+ women showed alterations in 8 immune markers compared to HIV- women. The strongest predictors of CI across HIV+ and HIV- women were lower mean soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor I (sTNFRI) levels, higher mean interleukin (IL)-6 levels, and greater variability in C-reactive protein (CRP) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 (p values < 0.05). Stratified by HIV, the only significant predictor of CI was greater variability in CRP for both HIV+ and HIV- women (p values < 0.05). This variability predicted lower executive function, attention/working memory, and psychomotor speed in HIV+ but only learning in HIV- women (p values < 0.05). Intra-individual variability in CRP levels over time may be a good predictor of CI in predominately minority low-socioeconomic status midlife women.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.