ReviewIntensive care medicine experimental2017
Assessment of immune organ dysfunction in critical illness: utility of innate immune response markers.
Review in Intensive care medicine experimental, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled prevalence of lymphopenia in all-cause hospitalisations and association with infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Immune checkpoint inhibition in sepsis: a Phase 1b randomized study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of nivolumab.Intensive care medicine · 2019Trial
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Sepsis: A Phase 1b Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Single Ascending Dose Study of Antiprogrammed Cell Death-Ligand 1 Antibody (BMS-936559).Critical care medicine · 2019Trial
- The Effects of a Mixture of Monochromatic Green and Blue Light on Growth Performance and Immune Response in Bursa of Fabricius by Morphometry Using Staining and Immunohistochemistry in Broiler Chickens.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Effects of Monochromatic Light on the Development of Immune Organs, Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Response of Thymus and Bursal of Fabricius in Yangzhou Geese.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Attenuated interferon-γ following injury is associated with chronic critical illness.The journal of trauma and acute care surgery · 2025Article
- [Annals of intensive care · 2025Article
- FUNCTIONAL IMMUNOPHENOTYPING FOR PRECISION THERAPIES IN SEPSIS.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2025Review
- Increased Activation Markers of Adaptive Immunity in Patients with Severe COVID-19.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Association between intracellular adenosine triphosphate content of CD4Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Observational
- A clinical guide to assess the immune response to sepsis: from bench to bedside.Critical care science · 2024Article
- Multiple Organ Dysfunction Secondary to Herpes Simplex Virus -1 Reactivation After Treatment With Dexamethasone and Sarilumab for Covid-19 Disease.Journal of critical care medicine (Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie din Targu-Mures) · 2023Article
- Monocytic HLA-DR Expression in Immune Responses of Acute Pancreatitis and COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Discovery of plasma proteome markers associated with clinical outcome and immunological stress after cardiac surgery.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- Combination of NK and Other Immune Markers at Early Phase Stratify the Risk of Sepsis Patients: A Retrospective Study.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Article
- Utility of monocyte HLA-DR and rationale for therapeutic GM-CSF in sepsis immunoparalysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Monitoring of the Forgotten Immune System during Critical Illness-A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
- Prospective multicentre study of host response signatures in neonatal sepsis in Sub Saharan Africa.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Chromogranin A and Its Fragments in the Critically Ill: An Expanding Domain of Interest for Better Care.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In critically ill patients, organ dysfunctions are routinely assessed, monitored, and treated. Mounting data show that substantial critical illness-induced changes in the immune system can be observed in most ICU patients and that not only "hyper-inflammation" but also persistence of an anti-inflammatory phenotype (as in sepsis-associated immunosuppression) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Despite common perception, changes in functional immunity cannot be adequately assessed by routine inflammatory biomarkers such as C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, or numerical analysis of leukocyte (sub)-counts. Cytokines appear also not suited due to their short half-life and pleiotropy, their unexclusive origin from immune cells, and their potential to undergo antagonization by circulating inactivating molecules. Thus, beyond leukocyte quantification and use of routine biomarkers, direct assessment of immune cell function seems required to characterize the immune systems' status. This may include determination of, e.g., ex vivo cellular cytokine release, phagocytosis activity, and/or antigen-presenting capacity. In this regard, standardized flow-cytometric assessment of the major histocompatibility-II complex human leukocyte antigen (-D related) (HLA-DR) has gained particular interest. Monocytic HLA-DR (mHLA-DR) controls the interplay between innate and adaptive immunity and may serve as a "global" biomarker of injury-associated immunosuppression, and its decreased expression is associated with adverse clinical outcomes (e.g., secondary infection risk, mortality). Importantly, recent data demonstrate that injury-associated immunosuppression can be reversed-opening up new therapeutic avenues in affected patients. Here we discuss the potential scientific and clinical value of assessment of functional immunity with a focus on monocytes/macrophages and review the current state of knowledge and potential perspectives for affected critically ill patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.