ReviewInternational journal of ophthalmology2017
The impact of combined oral contraceptives on ocular tissues: a review of ocular effects.
Review in International journal of ophthalmology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oral contraceptive use and intraocular pressure: findings from a population-based cross-sectional study.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Simultaneous central retinal vein and cilioretinal artery occlusion in a young female patient with progestin-only oral contraceptive use: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2025Article
- Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NA-AION): A Comprehensive Overview.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Central retinal vein occlusion with moyamoya disease: a case report.American journal of translational research · 2023Article
- Hyaluronic Acid and Galacto-Xyloglucan Eyedrop Efficacy in Young-Adult Oral Contraceptive Users of Childbearing Age.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Myopia and its associated factors among pregnant women at health institutions in Gondar District, Northwest Ethiopia: A multi-center cross-sectional study.Frontiers in global women's health · 2022Article
- Visual impairment and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care units at health institutions in Gondar City Administration, Northwest Ethiopia.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Article
- The effect of oral contraceptive pills on the macula, the retinal nerve fiber layer, the ganglion cell layer and the choroidal thickness.BMC ophthalmology · 2019Observational
- Retinal vein occlusion associated with combined hormonal contraceptive vaginal ring use.International journal of ophthalmology · 2018Article
- Ocular Side Effects of Systemic Drugs Used in Dermatology.Indian journal of dermatologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this manuscript is to review the action and adverse effects of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) on ocular tissues. The percentage of unwanted pregnancies and the subsequent abortions make contraception crucial worldwide. Over 100 million women around the world use common contraceptive methods, including intrauterine devices, combined estrogen and progestin oral contraceptives, as well as progestin only preparations (oral contraceptives, implants or injections). COCs are widely used for contraception, but they are also indicated in menorrhagia, endometriosis, acne and hirsutism, fibroid uterus and premenstrual syndrome. However, they have been associated with high rates of cardiovascular events, venous thromboembolic disease, ischemic strokes and breast cancer. The incidence of COCs-related ocular complications is estimated to be 1 in 230 000, including dry eye symptoms, corneal edema, lens opacities and retinal neuro-ophthalmologic or vascular complications. We may infer that the serious ocular complications of COCs can be prevented by eliminating the estrogen dosage and choosing third-generation progestins. In any case, doctors should take into consideration the systemic and ocular history of the patients before selecting any method of contraception.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.