ArticlePLoS pathogens2017
Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin negatively modulates ILC3 function through perturbation of IL-23-mediated MAPK signaling.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inhibition of Aryl hydrocarbon receptor Interleukin-22 signaling and worsening of intestinal inflammation byGut microbes · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota-derived metabolites and IL-22 signaling in inflammatory bowel disease: context-dependent regulation of mucosal repair and inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Microbiota-derived proteins synergize with IL-23 to drive IL22 production in model type 3 innate lymphoid cells.PloS one · 2025Article
- IL-22, a vital cytokine in autoimmune diseases.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2024Review
- GPX4 restricts ferroptosis of NKp46Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- OLFM4 modulates intestinal inflammation by promoting IL-22Communications biology · 2024Article
- Modulation of innate lymphoid cells by enteric bacterial pathogens.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- ILC3: a case of conflicted identity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Crosstalk between the gut microbiota and innate lymphoid cells in intestinal mucosal immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- IL-23 Inhibits Trophoblast Proliferation, Migration, and EMT via Activating p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway to Promote Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Group 3 innate lymphocytes (ILC3s) upregulate IL-22 in response to elevated intracellular cAMP levels.Cytokine · 2022Article
- Clostridioides difficile Toxin B Activates Group 3 Innate Lymphocytes.Infection and immunity · 2022Article
- Blocking the Hepatic Branch of the Vagus Aggravates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Inhibiting the Expression of IL-22 in the Liver.Journal of immunology research · 2021Article
- Microbiota-Dependent Effects of IL-22.Cells · 2020Review
- Regulation of Human Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Context of Mucosal Inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Glucocorticoids Inhibit Group 3 Innate Lymphocyte IL-22 Production.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018Article
- IL-22: There Is a Gap in Our Knowledge.ImmunoHorizons · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, secretes lethal toxin that down-regulates immune functions. Translocation of B. anthracis across mucosal epithelia is key for its dissemination and pathogenesis. Group 3 innate lymphocytes (ILC3s) are important in mucosal barrier maintenance due to their expression of the cytokine IL-22, a critical regulator of tissue responses and repair during homeostasis and inflammation. We found that B. anthracis lethal toxin perturbed ILC3 function in vitro and in vivo, revealing an unknown IL-23-mediated MAPK signaling pathway. Lethal toxin had no effects on the canonical STAT3-mediated IL-23 signaling pathway. Rather lethal toxin triggered the loss of several MAP2K kinases, which correlated with reduced activation of downstream ERK1/2 and p38, respectively. Inhibition studies showed the importance of MAPK signaling in IL-23-mediated production of IL-22. Our finding that MAPK signaling is required for optimal IL-22 production in ILC3s may lead to new approaches for targeting IL-22 biology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.