SynthesisPloS one2017
Effectiveness of beta-blockers depending on the genotype of congenital long-QT syndrome: A meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- CONGENITAL LONG QT SYNDROME: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.Acta clinica Croatica · 2021Pooled it
- Autonomic dysfunction and sudden death in patients with Rett syndrome: a systematic reviewJournal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN · 2020Pooled it
- The Brazilian Society of Cardiology and Brazilian Society of Exercise and Sports Medicine Updated Guidelines for Sports and Exercise Cardiology - 2019.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2019Guideline
- Bisoprolol Treatment and Adherence in Pediatric Patients With Genotype-Positive Long QT Syndrome.Journal of arrhythmia · 2026Article
- Striving Towards Equity in Cardiovascular Genomics Research.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Review
- Demographics, Clinical Features and Genetics of Common Inherited Arrhythmias in Oman.Journal of the Saudi Heart Association · 2025Article
- From genes to clinical management: A comprehensive review of long QT syndrome pathogenesis and treatment.Heart rhythm O2 · 2024Review
- [Cardiac channelopathies in the context of hereditary arrhythmia syndromes].Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- The proarrhythmogenic role of autonomics and emerging neuromodulation approaches to prevent sudden death in cardiac ion channelopathies.Cardiovascular research · 2024Review
- Long QT syndrome-associated calmodulin variants disrupt the activity of the slowly activating delayed rectifier potassium channel.The Journal of physiology · 2023Article
- Autonomic control of ventricular function in health and disease: current state of the art.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2023Review
- Exploring mutation specific beta blocker pharmacology of the pathogenic late sodium channel current from patient-specific pluripotent stem cell myocytes derived from long QT syndrome mutation carriers.Channels (Austin, Tex.) · 2022Article
- Article
- Excellent response to β-1 adrenergic receptor blockade (metoprolol) and exercise restriction in high-risk type 1 long QT syndrome. A 22-year follow-up.HeartRhythm case reports · 2022Article
- Unique clinical features and long term follow up of survivors of sudden cardiac death in an Asian multicenter study.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- A Systematic Review on the Role of Βeta-Blockers in Reducing Cardiac Arrhythmias in Long QT Syndrome Subtypes 1-3.Cureus · 2021Review
- Life-threatening arrhythmias with autosomal recessive TECRL variants.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2021Article
- Inherited arrhythmia syndrome predisposing to sudden cardiac death.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2021Review
- Long QT syndrome - Bench to bedside.Heart rhythm O2 · 2021Article
- Personalized medicine for cardiovascular diseases.Journal of human genetics · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBeta-blockers are first-line therapy in patients with congenital long-QT syndrome (LQTS).
objectiveThis study sought to determine the differences in effectiveness of beta-blockers on risk reduction according to LQTS genotype.
methodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL databases to investigate the use of beta-blockers (atenolol, nadolol, propranolol, and metoprolol) in patients with LQTS. Hazard ratio (HR) and relative risk (RR) were extracted or calculated from studies reporting cardiac events (syncope, aborted cardiac arrest (ACA), or sudden cardiac death (SCD)).
resultsAmong 2,113 articles searched, 10 studies (7 registry-based cohort studies (Cohort) and 3 interrupted time series studies (ITS)) involving 9,727 patients were included. In a meta-analysis using a random-effect model, the use of beta-blocker was associated with significant risk reduction of all cardiac events (HR 0.49, p<0.001 in Cohort; RR 0.39, p<0.001 in ITS) and serious cardiac events (ACA or SCD) (HR 0.47, p<0.001 in Cohort). In both LQT1 and LQT2, the risk was reduced with beta-blocker therapy in Cohort (HR 0.59 in LQT1; HR 0.39 in LQT2) as well as ITS (RR 0.29 in LQT1; RR 0.48 in LQT2). Among the beta-blockers, nadolol showed a significant risk reduction in both LQT1 and LQT2 (HR 0.47 and 0.27, respectively), whereas atenolol and propranolol decreased the risk only in LQT1 (HR 0.36 and 0.46, respectively). Metoprolol showed no significant reduction in either genotype. In LQT3, beta-blocker therapy was not as effective as LQT1 or LQT2; however, it was inconclusive due to data insufficiency.
conclusionThis meta-analysis showed that beta-blockers were effective in reducing risk of cardiac events in patients with LQTS. Among them, nadolol was effective in LQT1 and LQT2, whereas other drugs showed different effectiveness depending on LQT genotype.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.