ArticleSubstance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy2017
Licit and illicit substance use patterns among university students in Germany using cluster analysis.
Article in Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of a Brief Web-Based "Social Norms"-Intervention on Alcohol, Tobacco and Cannabis Use Among German University Students: Results of a Cluster-Controlled Trial Conducted at Eight Universities.Frontiers in public health · 2021Trial
- Substance involvement profiles and mental health correlates in emerging adults: a person-centred cluster analysis.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Digital Intervention Components for Preventing and Reducing Substance Use in Adolescents and Emerging Adults: A Comprehensive Scoping Review.Journal of prevention (2022) · 2026Article
- Illicit substance use and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms among French university students: a multiple correspondence analysis and a cluster analysis.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Magnitude of substance use and associated factors among Wallaga University undergraduate students, Western Ethiopia, 2024.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Use of and Beliefs toward Novel Tobacco and Nicotine Products among Portuguese University Students: A Pandemic Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Self-rated health of university students in Germany-The importance of material, psychosocial, and behavioral factors and the parental socio-economic status.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Health-Promoting Behavior and Lifestyle Characteristics of Students as a Function of Sex and Academic Level.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- The influence of race, sexual orientation and gender identity on mental health, substance use, and academic persistence during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study from a national sample of college students in the healthy minds study.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2022Article
- Prevalence and Impacts of Psychoactive Substance Abuse amongst Undergraduate University Students in Katsina State, Nigeria.Addiction & health · 2021Article
- Perceptions of Waterpipe Smoking among Young Adults: A Phenomenological Study.Dentistry journal · 2020Article
- Prevalence and Socio-Demographic, Academic, Health and Lifestyle Predictors of Illicit Drug/s Use among University Undergraduate Students in Finland.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Sudanese Medical Students' Perceptions of Psychoactive Substance Use.Addiction & health · 2020Article
- Co-occurrences of substance use and other potentially addictive behaviors: Epidemiological results from the Psychological and Genetic Factors of the Addictive Behaviors (PGA) Study.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2020Article
- Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Tobacco Smoking, Alcohol Abuse and Illegal Drug Consumption in University Students: A Mediating Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Interpol review of controlled substances 2016-2019.Forensic science international. Synergy · 2020Review
- A qualitative study of drivers of psychoactive substance use among Mekelle University students, Northern Ethiopia.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2019Article
- Tobacco and cannabis use in college students are predicted by sex-dimorphic interactions between MAOA genotype and child abuse.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe use of multiple licit and illicit substances plays an important role in many university students' lives. Previous research on multiple substance use patterns of university students, however, often fails to examine use of different illicit substances and/or hookah. Our objective was to complement and advance the current knowledge about common consumption patterns regarding illicit substances and hookah use in this group.
methodsStudents from eight German universities completed an online survey as part of the INSIST study ('INternet-based Social norms Intervention for the prevention of substance use among STudents') regarding their consumption of alcohol, tobacco, hookah, cannabis and other illicit substances. Cluster analysis identified distinct consumption patterns of concurrent and non-concurrent substance use and multinomial logistic regressions described key sociodemographic factors associated with these clusters.
resultsSix homogeneous groups were identified: 'Alcohol Abstainers' (10.8%), 'Drinkers Only' (48.2%), 'Drinkers and Cigarette Smokers' (14.6%), 'Cannabis and Licit Substance Users' (11.2%), 'Hookah Users with Co-Use' (9.8%) and 'Illicit Substance Users with Co-Use' (5.4%). Illicit substance use clustered with the consumption of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis. Hookah use was regularly associated with alcohol consumption, less commonly associated with tobacco or cannabis use and very rarely associated with use of other illicit substances. Individuals consuming licit and illicit substances or hookah were mostly male and lived together with other students. Characteristics such as the number of years an individual had spent studying at a university, subject of study, immigrant background and religious affiliation were less commonly associated with cluster membership.
conclusionsAlthough we found substance use patterns in our sample largely similar to previous reports, we identified an important subgroup of individuals using both illicit and licit substances. These individuals may benefit especially from targeted interventions that focus on modifying addictive behavior patterns.
trial registrationDRKS00007635 . Registered 17 December 2014 (retrospectively registered).
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