Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29058097›Full record

Trial reportGastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association2018

Regional differences in advanced gastric cancer: exploratory analyses of the AVAGAST placebo arm.

Akira Sawaki, Yasuhide Yamada, Kensei Yamaguchi, Tomohiro Nishina, Toshihiko Doi, Taroh Satoh, Keisho Chin, Narikazu Boku, Yasushi Omuro, Yoshito Komatsu and 10 more

Abstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIIRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Multicenter phase III trial of S-1 and cisplatin versus S-1 and oxaliplatin combination chemotherapy for first-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer (SOPP trial).Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2021
    Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Review
  10. Updated Immunotherapy for Gastric Cancer.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Targeted and novel therapy in advanced gastric cancer.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2019
    Review
  15. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Akira SawakiAichi Cancer Center Hospital, Aichi, Japan. sawaki@jk2.so-net.ne.jp.
Yasuhide YamadaNational Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Kensei YamaguchiSaitama Cancer Center Hospital, Saitama, Japan.
Tomohiro NishinaShikoku Cancer Center, Ehime, Japan.
Toshihiko DoiNational Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.
Taroh SatohFaculty of Medicine, Kinki University Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
Keisho ChinCancer Institute Hospital of JFCR, Tokyo, Japan.
Narikazu BokuNational Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Yasushi OmuroTokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center, Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Yoshito KomatsuHokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
Yasuo HamamotoSchool of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
Wasaburo KoizumiKitasato University East Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.
Shigehira SajiInternational Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
Manish A ShahWeill Cornell Medical College/New York Hospital, New York, USA.
Eric Van CutsemUniversity Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven and KULeuven, Louvain, Belgium.
Yoon-Koo KangAsan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea.
Junko IwasakiChugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan.
Hiroshi KurikiChugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan.
Wataru OhtsukaChugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan.
Atsushi OhtsuNational Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAVAGAST was an international, randomized, placebo-controlled phase III study of chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab as first-line therapy for patients with advanced gastric cancer. We performed exploratory analyses to evaluate regional differences observed in the trial.

methodsAnalyses were performed in the placebo plus chemotherapy arm (intention-to-treat population). Chemotherapy was cisplatin 80 mg/m

resultsOverall, 387 patients were assigned to placebo plus chemotherapy (eastern Europe/South America, n = 118; USA/western Europe, n = 81; Korea/other Asia, n = 94; Japan, n = 94). At baseline, poor performance status, liver metastases, and larger tumors were most frequent in eastern Europe/South America and least frequent in Japan. Patients received subsequent chemotherapy after disease progression as follows: eastern Europe/South America (14%); USA/western Europe (37%); Korea/other Asia (61%); and Japan (77%). Hazard ratios for overall survival versus USA/western Europe were 1.47 (95% CI, 1.09-1.99) for eastern Europe/South America, 0.91 (95% CI, 0.67-1.25) for Korea/other Asia, and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.64-1.19) for Japan.

conclusionsRegional differences in the healthcare environment may have contributed to the differences in overall survival observed in the AVAGAST study.

Indexed as

AdenocarcinomaAdultAgedAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCapecitabineCisplatinDisease-Free SurvivalDouble-Blind MethodFemaleFluorouracilHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsStomach NeoplasmsCapecitabineCisplatinFluorouracilGeographic locationsStomach neoplasmsSurvival analysis

Identifiers

PMID29058097
PMCPMC5906488

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.