SynthesisNutrition reviews2017
Systematic review of the concentrations of oligosaccharides in human milk.
Synthesis in Nutrition reviews, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 193 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
193 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Human Milk Feeding in Inherited Metabolic Disorders: A Systematic Review of Growth, Metabolic Control, and Neurodevelopment Outcomes.Journal of inherited metabolic disease · 2025Pooled it
- Dynamic Changes in Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Chinese Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- 2'-Fucosyllactose Effects on Preterm Growth, Tolerance, and Neurobehavior: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Pilot.Nutrients · 2026Trial
- Effects of Human Milk Oligosaccharide 2'-Fucosyllactose Ingestion on Weight Loss and Markers of Health.Nutrients · 2024Trial
- Human milk oligosaccharide composition following supplementation with folic acid vs (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid during pregnancy and mediation by human milk folate forms.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Trial
- Infants Fed Breastmilk or 2'-FL Supplemented Formula Have Similar Systemic Levels of Microbiota-Derived Secondary Bile Acids.Nutrients · 2023Trial
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- Human Milk Oligosaccharide Profile Variation Throughout Postpartum in Healthy Women in a Brazilian Cohort.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Maternal Human Milk Oligosaccharide Profile Modulates the Impact of an Intervention with Iron and Galacto-Oligosaccharides in Kenyan Infants.Nutrients · 2019Trial
- Systematic pathway engineering of Escherichia coli for enhanced 3'-sialyllactose production.Bioresources and bioprocessing · 2026Article
- An exploratory analysis of the associations of human milk oligosaccharides and N-/O-glycans with infectious and allergic outcomes in the first year of life: the Japanese Human Milk Study Cohort.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- 2'-FL's Depiction of the Human Physiological Function Landscape.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Catalytic Efficiency for the Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Core Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Analogs via Sugar Oxazolines.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2026Article
- Glutamate: Safe and Adequate Intake Levels for Infants-Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Seeding the Future: How Feeding Mode Shapes the Infant Gut Microbiota.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Safety of 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL) sodium salt produced with a derivative strain (EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026Article
- New Insights into Human Milk Oligosaccharide Profiles in China: Findings from a Large-Scale Analysis of Human Milk.Nutrients · 2026Article
- 2'-Fucosyllactose transactivates EGF receptor in intestinal epithelial cells for prevention of colitis in adulthood.iScience · 2026Article
133 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextOligosaccharides are the third largest solid component in human milk. These diverse compounds are thought to have numerous beneficial functions in infants, including protection against infectious diseases. The structures of more than 100 oligosaccharides in human milk have been elucidated so far.
objectiveThe aim of this review was to identify the main factors that affect the concentrations of oligosaccharides in human milk and to determine whether it is possible to calculate representative and reliable mean concentrations. DATA SOURCES: A comprehensive literature search on oligosaccharide concentrations in human milk was performed in 6 electronic databases: BIOSIS, Current Contents Search, Embase, Lancet Titles, MEDLINE and PubMed. STUDY SELECTION: The initial search resulted in 1363 hits. After the elimination of duplicates, the literature was screened. The application of strict inclusion criteria resulted in 21 articles selected. DATA EXTRACTION: Oligosaccharide concentrations, both mean values and single values, reported in the literature were sorted by gestational age, secretor status of mothers, and defined lactation periods.
resultsMean concentrations, including confidence limits, of 33 neutral and acidic oligosaccharides reported could be calculated. Concentrations of oligosaccharides in human milk show variations that are dependent on both the secretor type of the mother and the lactation period as examined by analyses of variance. In addition, large interlaboratory variations in the data were observed.
conclusionsWorldwide interlaboratory quantitative analyses of identical milk samples would be required to identify the most reliable methods of determining concentrations of oligosaccharides in human milk. The data presented here contribute to the current knowledge about the composition and quantities of oligosaccharides in human milk and may foster greater understanding of the biological functions of these compounds.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.