ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2017
Legionnaires' Disease Outbreaks and Cooling Towers, New York City, New York, USA.
Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Microbiota of Evaporative Cooling Systems and the Impact of Rainwater as an Alternative Water Source.Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation · 2026Article
- Foresight 2035: a perspective on the next decade of research on the management of Legionella spp. in engineered aquatic environments.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Correlation between bacterial microbiome andMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Water quality and microecosystem of water tanks in karst mountainous area, Southwest China.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2024Article
- Performance evaluation of a low-throughput qPCR-based Legionella assay for utility as an onsite industrial water system monitoring method.Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology · 2024Article
- An investigation of the seasonal relationships between meteorological factors, water quality, and sporadic cases of Legionnaires' disease in Washington, DC.Epidemiology and infection · 2023Article
- Heterotrophic Plate Count Can Predict the Presence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Genome analysis ofLife science alliance · 2022Article
- Development and Evaluation of Statewide Prospective Spatiotemporal Legionellosis Cluster Surveillance, New Jersey, USA.Emerging infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Evaporative misters for urban cooling and comfort: effectiveness and motivations for use.International journal of biometeorology · 2022Article
- Risk assessment and disease burden of legionella presence in cooling towers of Iran's central hospitals.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- Pathogenicity and Virulence ofVirulence · 2021Review
- Evaluation of Legiolert™ for the Detection of Legionella pneumophila and Comparison with Spread-Plate Culture and qPCR Methods.Current microbiology · 2021Article
- Multi-Scale Airborne Infectious Disease Transmission.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2021Review
- Water Sampling Module for Collecting and ConcentratingBiosensors · 2021Article
- Article
- A Snapshot of the Prevalence and Molecular Diversity ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Epidemiologic Survey of Legionella Urine Antigen Testing Within a Large Wisconsin-Based Health Care System.Journal of patient-centered research and reviews · 2020Article
- Analysis of Genetic Characterization and Clonality ofInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Multistate analysis of prospective Legionnaires' disease cluster detection using SaTScan, 2011-2015.PloS one · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The incidence of Legionnaires' disease in the United States has been increasing since 2000. Outbreaks and clusters are associated with decorative, recreational, domestic, and industrial water systems, with the largest outbreaks being caused by cooling towers. Since 2006, 6 community-associated Legionnaires' disease outbreaks have occurred in New York City, resulting in 213 cases and 18 deaths. Three outbreaks occurred in 2015, including the largest on record (138 cases). Three outbreaks were linked to cooling towers by molecular comparison of human and environmental Legionella isolates, and the sources for the other 3 outbreaks were undetermined. The evolution of investigation methods and lessons learned from these outbreaks prompted enactment of a new comprehensive law governing the operation and maintenance of New York City cooling towers. Ongoing surveillance and program evaluation will determine if enforcement of the new cooling tower law reduces Legionnaires' disease incidence in New York City.
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