SynthesisHeart failure reviews2018
De novo implantation vs. upgrade cardiac resynchronization therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Heart failure reviews, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Upgrade of right ventricular pacing to cardiac resynchronization therapy in heart failure: a randomized trial.European heart journal · 2023Trial
- Baseline clinical characteristics of heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction enrolled in the BUDAPEST-CRT Upgrade trial.European journal of heart failure · 2022Trial
- Long Term Outcomes and Predictors of Reverse Remodelling After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Upgrade.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Cardiac implantable electronic device upgrades and downgrades: a Clinical Consensus Statement of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC, the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Association (APHRS), Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS), Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), and the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS).Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2025Article
- Comparing Conduction System Pacing to Biventricular Upgrade in Pacemaker-Induced Cardiomyopathy: A Retrospective Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of a Practice-wide Switch from Traditional Right Ventricular Pacing to Left Bundle Branch Area Pacing.The Journal of innovations in cardiac rhythm management · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of upgrade left bundle branch area pacing for right ventricular pacing-induced cardiomyopathy: Extra QRS shortening matters.Journal of arrhythmia · 2025Article
- Comparative Analysis of Response to Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy Upgrades in Patients with Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators and Pacemakers.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- His Bundle Pacing: Predicting Mortality and Major Complications in Mid-Term Follow-Up.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Phenogrouping and risk stratification of patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy upgrade using topological data analysis.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Special Issue: Latest Advances in Delivery and Outcomes of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy and Conduction System Pacing.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- The Prognostic Value of Anemia in Patients with Preserved, Mildly Reduced and Recovered Ejection Fraction.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- 2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2022Article
- Deep septal pacing to upgrade patients with pacing-induced cardiomyopathy.HeartRhythm case reports · 2022Article
- Trends in Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Insertion Between 1988 and 2018 in Olmsted County.JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · 2022Article
- Long-term clinical outcomes after upgrade to resynchronization therapy: A propensity score-matched analysis.Heart rhythm O2 · 2021Article
- Upgrading to cardiac resynchronisation therapy: Concordance of real-world experience with clinical guidelines.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2021Article
- Right ventricular mechanical pattern in health and disease: beyond longitudinal shortening.Heart failure reviews · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Patients with conventional pacemakers or implanted defibrillators are often considered for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Our aim was to summarize the available evidences regarding the clinical benefits of upgrade procedures. A systematic literature search was performed from studies published between 2006 and 2017 in order to compare the outcome of CRT upgrade vs. de novo implantations. Outcome data on all-cause mortality, heart failure events, New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class, QRS narrowing and echocardiographic parameters were analysed. A total of 16 reports were analysed comprising 489,568 CRT recipients, of whom 468,205 patients underwent de novo and 21,363 upgrade procedures. All-cause mortality was similar after CRT upgrade compared to de novo implantations (RR 1.19, 95% CI 0.88-1.60, p = 0.27). The risk of heart failure was also similar in both groups (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.70-1.32, p = 0.81). There was no significant difference in clinical response after CRT upgrade compared to de novo implantations in terms of improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (ΔEF de novo - 6.85% vs. upgrade - 9.35%; p = 0.235), NYHA class (ΔNYHA de novo - 0.74 vs. upgrade - 0.70; p = 0.737) and QRS narrowing (ΔQRS de novo - 9.6 ms vs. upgrade - 29.5 ms; p = 0.485). Our systematic review and meta-analysis of currently available studies reports that CRT upgrade is associated with similar risk for all-cause mortality compared to de novo resynchronization therapy. Benefits on reverse remodelling and functional capacity improved similarly in both groups suggesting that CRT upgrade may be safely and effectively offered in routine practice. CLINICAL
trial registrationProspero Database-CRD42016043747.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.