ArticlePediatric radiology2018
Female gonadal shielding with automatic exposure control increases radiation risks.
Article in Pediatric radiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Patient Shielding in Computed Tomography: Analysis of Influencing Factors and a Conceptual Framework for Decision-Making.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Importance of Patient Positioning in Radiography When Utilising Automatic Exposure Control.Journal of medical radiation sciences · 2026Article
- Paradigm shift in the application of patient contact shielding: a balancing act between tradition and progress.European radiology · 2026Review
- [The End of Patient Shielding: Rationale for Discontinuing the Practice].Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology · 2025Review
- Medical-Radiation-Shielding Film Fabricated by Imitating the Layered Structure Pattern of Abalone Shell and Verification of Its Shielding Effect.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- European survey on the use of patient contact shielding during radiological examinations.Insights into imaging · 2023Article
- Changing the practice of routine gonadal shielding during radiography: 'Y'?Pediatric radiology · 2022Article
- European consensus on patient contact shielding.Insights into imaging · 2021Article
- Effect of Silicone Rubber-Lead (SR-Pb) Thickness on Dose Reduction and Image Quality as Gonad Shield.Journal of biomedical physics & engineering · 2020Article
- Gonad shielding in pelvic radiography: modern optimised X-ray systems might allow its discontinuation.Insights into imaging · 2020Article
- Effectiveness of Breast and Eye Shielding During Cervical Spine Radiography: An Experimental Study.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2020Article
- Unified Open Hardware Platform for Digital X-Ray Devices; its Conceptual Model and First Implementation.IEEE journal of translational engineering in health and medicine · 2020Article
- Protecting sensitive patient groups from imaging using ionizing radiation: effects during pregnancy, in fetal life and childhood.La Radiologia medica · 2019Review
- Death of the ALARA Radiation Protection Principle as Used in the Medical Sector.Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis SocietyArticle
- Are Continued Efforts to Reduce Radiation Exposures from X-Rays Warranted?Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGonadal shielding remains common, but current estimates of gonadal radiation risk are lower than estimated risks to colon and stomach. A female gonadal shield may attenuate active automatic exposure control (AEC) sensors, resulting in increased dose to colon and stomach as well as to ovaries outside the shielded area.
objectiveWe assess changes in dose-area product (DAP) and absorbed organ dose when female gonadal shielding is used with AEC for pelvis radiography. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe imaged adult and 5-year-old equivalent dosimetry phantoms using pelvis radiograph technique with AEC in the presence and absence of a female gonadal shield. We recorded DAP and mAs and measured organ absorbed dose at six internal sites using film dosimetry.
resultsFemale gonadal shielding with AEC increased DAP 63% for the 5-year-old phantom and 147% for the adult phantom. Absorbed organ dose at unshielded locations of colon, stomach and ovaries increased 21-51% in the 5-year-old phantom and 17-100% in the adult phantom. Absorbed organ dose sampled under the shield decreased 67% in the 5-year-old phantom and 16% in the adult phantom.
conclusionFemale gonadal shielding combined with AEC during pelvic radiography increases absorbed dose to organs with greater radiation sensitivity and to unshielded ovaries. Difficulty in proper use of gonadal shields has been well described, and use of female gonadal shielding may be inadvisable given the risks of increasing radiation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.