ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2017
The study of trypanosome species circulating in domestic animals in two human African trypanosomiasis foci of Côte d'Ivoire identifies pigs and cattle as potential reservoirs of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis in Côte d'Ivoire: Systematic review and meta-analysis.The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research · 2023Pooled it
- Molecular Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis ofVeterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Evaluation of two candidate molecules-TCTP and cecropin-on the establishment of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense into the gut of Glossina palpalis gambiensis.Insect science · 2025Article
- Article
- Functional genomics of trypanotolerant and trypanosusceptible cattle infected with Trypanosoma congolense across multiple time points and tissues.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Challenges and lessons from a vector control campaign targeting Glossina palpalis palpalis in an isolated protected forest area in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2025Article
- Modelling timelines to elimination of sleeping sickness in the Democratic Republic of Congo, accounting for possible cryptic human and animal transmission.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Genetic Diversity of Trypanosomes Infesting Cattle from Savannah District in North of Côte d'Ivoire Using Conserved Genomic Signatures: rRNA, ITS1 and gGAPDH.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Performance of diagnostic tests for Trypanosoma brucei brucei in experimentally infected pigs.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Towards the sustainable elimination of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis in Côte d'Ivoire using an integrated approach.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Prevalence of blood and skin trypanosomes in domestic and wild fauna from two sleeping sickness foci in Southern Cameroon.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Does a One Health approach to human African trypanosomiasis control hasten elimination? A stochastic compartmental modeling approach.Acta tropica · 2023Article
- [Towards elimination of human African trypanosomiasis].Medecine tropicale et sante internationale · 2023Article
- Tsetse fly ecology and risk of transmission of African trypanosomes related to a protected forest area at a military base in the city of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2023Article
- Molecular genotyping reveals mixed bovine and human trypanosomiasis in cattle from West Africa.Veterinary world · 2023Article
- Risk factors and prevalence of human African trypanosomiasis in individuals living in remote areas of the republic of Congo.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Molecular Identification of Trypanosome Diversity in Domestic Animals Reveals the Presence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Molecular epidemiology of Animal African Trypanosomosis in southwest Burkina Faso.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- The effect of livestock density on Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense: A causal inference-based approach.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Comparison of ITS-1 and TBR-1/2 primer sensitivity for the detection ofVeterinary world · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImportant control efforts have led to a significant reduction of the prevalence of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) in Côte d'Ivoire, but the disease is still present in several foci. The existence of an animal reservoir of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense may explain disease persistence in these foci where animal breeding is an important source of income but where the prevalence of animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) is unknown. The aim of this study was to identify the trypanosome species circulating in domestic animals in both Bonon and Sinfra HAT endemic foci. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findings552 domestic animals (goats, pigs, cattle and sheep) were included. Blood samples were tested for trypanosomes by microscopic observation, species-specific PCR for T. brucei sl, T. congolense, T. vivax and subspecies-specific PCR for T. b. gambiense and T. b. gambiense immune trypanolysis (TL). Infection rates varied significantly between animal species and were by far the highest in pigs (30%). T. brucei s.l was the most prevalent trypanosome species (13.7%) followed by T. congolense. No T. b. gambiense was identified by PCR while high TL positivity rates were observed using T. b. gambiense specific variants (up to 27.6% for pigs in the Bonon focus).
conclusionThis study shows that domestic animals are highly infected by trypanosomes in the studied foci. This was particularly true for pigs, possibly due to a higher exposure of these animals to tsetse flies. Whereas T. brucei s.l. was the most prevalent species, discordant results were obtained between PCR and TL regarding T. b. gambiense identification. It is therefore crucial to develop better tools to study the epidemiological role of potential animal reservoir for T. b. gambiense. Our study illustrates the importance of "one health" approaches to reach HAT elimination and contribute to AAT control in the studied foci.
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