Trial reportMedicine and science in sports and exercise2017
Effects of Two Years of Calorie Restriction on Aerobic Capacity and Muscle Strength.
Trial report in Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00427193 (Comprehensive Assessment of Long-Term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy), which is not on this map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comprehensive Assessment of Long-Term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE)
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combined versus independent effects of exercise training and intermittent fasting on body composition and cardiometabolic health in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Nutrition journal · 2024Pooled it
- Biological Pathways of Strength Preservation During Calorie Restriction-Induced Weight Loss Among Adults Without Obesity.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Trial
- Association between physical activity energy expenditure and markers of healthspan during prolonged calorie restriction in individuals without obesity: observations from the CALERIE™ phase 2 randomized controlled trial.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025Trial
- Calorie restriction modulates the transcription of genes related to stress response and longevity in human muscle: The CALERIE study.Aging cell · 2023Trial
- Body shape perception in men and women without obesity during caloric restriction: a secondary analysis from the CALERIE study.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2023Trial
- Challenges in defining successful adherence to calorie restriction goals in humans: Results from CALERIE™ 2.Experimental gerontology · 2022Trial
- Modestly Increased Incidence of Ketosis in Caloric Restriction Does not Significantly Alter the Effects of Caloric Restriction.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2022Trial
- Association between the FTO rs9939609 single nucleotide polymorphism and dietary adherence during a 2-year caloric restriction intervention: Exploratory analyses from CALERIE™ phase 2.Experimental gerontology · 2021Trial
- Effects of caloric restriction on human physiological, psychological, and behavioral outcomes: highlights from CALERIE phase 2.Nutrition reviews · 2021Trial
- Short-term time-restricted feeding is safe and feasible in non-obese healthy midlife and older adults.GeroScience · 2020Trial
- Six Weeks of Calorie Restriction Improves Body Composition and Lipid Profile in Obese and Overweight Former Athletes.Nutrients · 2019Trial
- Significant improvement in cardiometabolic health in healthy nonobese individuals during caloric restriction-induced weight loss and weight loss maintenance.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2018Trial
- Clinical Protocol for the Dietary Approaches to Longevity and Health (DiAL Health) Pilot Trial.Current developments in nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- Caloric restriction reprograms skeletal muscle molecular pathways in non-human primates: potential relevance to human aging biology.Skeletal muscle · 2026Article
- Quadriceps mitochondrial DNA quantity, quality, and gene expression after 2 years of calorie restriction: exploratory results from the CALERIE trial.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Separating anorexia -dependent and -independent effects in cancer cachexia.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Content of Fatty Acid and Eicosanoids in Muscle and Intestinal Tissue of C57BL/6 Mice Subjected to Long-Term Caloric Restriction.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Biological Mechanisms of Strength Preservation During Calorie Restriction-Induced Weight Loss Among Young- to Middle-Aged Adults without Obesity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Dietary and Pharmacological Modulation of Aging-Related Metabolic Pathways: Molecular Insights, Clinical Evidence, and a Translational Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeCalorie restriction (CR) improves health span and delays age-related diseases in many species. The multicenter Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE) study was the first randomized controlled trial of CR in nonobese humans. The aim of this investigation was to determine the effects of CR on V˙O2max and muscle strength in the CALERIE trial.
methodsHealthy, normal-weight, and mildly overweight women and men (n = 218, mean ± SE age = 37.9 ± 0.5 yr) were randomized to 25% CR or an ad libitum (AL) control condition in a 2:1 allocation (143 CR, 75 AL). V˙O2max was determined with an incremental treadmill test; the strength of the knee flexors and extensors was assessed by dynamometry at baseline, 1 yr, and 2 yr.
resultsThe CR group achieved an average 11.9% ± 0.7% CR during the 2-yr intervention. Body weight decreased in CR (-7.7 ± 0.4 kg), but not AL (+0.2 ± 0.5 kg). Absolute V˙O2max (L·min) decreased at 1 and 2 yr with CR, whereas V˙O2max expressed relative to body mass increased at both time points (1 yr: +2.2 ± 0.4; 2 yr: +1.9 ± 0.5 mL·kg·min) and relative to AL. The CR group increased their treadmill test time and workload at 1 and 2 yr. Strength results in CR were similar, with decreases in absolute flexor and extensor strength, but increases when expressed relative to body mass. No changes were observed for V˙O2max expressed relative to lean body mass or leg lean mass.
conclusionsTwo years of modest CR without a structured exercise component did not appear to compromise aerobic capacity in healthy nonobese adults. The clinical implications of the observed changes in V˙O2max and muscle strength will be important to explore in future studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.