ArticleJournal of endocrinological investigation2018
Characterization and implications of thyroid dysfunction induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors in real-life clinical practice: a long-term prospective study from a referral institution.
Article in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and uncontrolled trials reporting on the use of checkpoint blockers in patients with cancer and pre-existing autoimmune disease.European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2024Pooled it
- Biomarkers, measured during therapy, for response of melanoma patients to immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review.Melanoma research · 2019Pooled it
- Real world incidence, predictors and outcomes of endocrine immune-related adverse events following immune checkpoint inhibitors.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- PD-1 inhibitors combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitor-associated hypothyroidism is a predictive factor for antitumor effectiveness in male patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Review
- Thyroid disorders induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors.Endocrine · 2024Review
- Uncovering the flip side of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a comprehensive review of immune-related adverse events and predictive biomarkers.International journal of biological sciences · 2024Review
- Predictors of thyroid adverse events during cancer immunotherapy: a real-life experience at a single center.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2023Article
- Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors, endocrine adverse events, and outcomes of melanoma.Endocrine connections · 2022Article
- Thyroid-related adverse events induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor induced thyroid dysfunction is a frequent event post-treatment in NSCLC.Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2021Article
- Endocrine-related adverse events in a large series of cancer patients treated with anti-PD1 therapy.Endocrine · 2021Article
- Higher baseline TSH levels predict early hypothyroidism during cancer immunotherapy.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2021Article
- Review
- Improved survival in patients with thyroid function test abnormalities secondary to immune-checkpoint inhibitors.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2021Article
- Insights into non-classic and emerging causes of hypopituitarism.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2021Review
- Article
- Endocrine Adverse Events of Nivolumab in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients-Literature Review.Cancers · 2020Review
- Low frequency of positive antithyroid antibodies is observed in patients with thyroid dysfunction related to immune check point inhibitors.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAutoimmune diseases are typically associated with immune checkpoints blockade. This study aims at assessing, in real-life clinical practice, the prevalence and impact of thyroid disorders induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors.
methods52 patients (30 F; age 61 ± 13 years) with advanced melanoma treated with ipilimumab (3 mg/kg i.v./3 weeks; 4 doses) were included. For disease progression, 29 (16 F) of them received nivolumab (3 mg/kg i.v./2 weeks) or pembrolizumab (2 mg/kg i.v./3 weeks). Thyroid function and autoimmunity were assessed before, after 6 weeks, at the end of ipilimumab, as well as before and every 3 months during nivolumab/pembrolizumab treatment.
resultsDuring ipilimumab, 7 (4 F) patients developed thyroid dysfunction (4 thyroiditis, 1 associated with hypothyroidism; 2 thyrotoxicosis in a previously euthyroid multinodular goiter; 1 hypothyroidism worsened). During PD1 inhibitors, 7 patients (3 F) developed hypothyroidism with severe manifestations in 6 of them; 3 patients suffered from euthyroid autoimmune thyroiditis from baseline, one after ipilimumab; 2 patients developed after transient thyrotoxicosis. Mean follow-up after anti-CTLA4 inhibitors treatment was 36 ± 28 months. Thyroid disorders occurred 45.1 ± 20.8 and 151 ± 67 days after the initiation of CTLA4 and PD1 inhibitors, respectively. Autoimmune disorders and BRAF mutation were associated with a better clinical response to CTLA4 followed by PD1 treatment.
conclusionsImmune checkpoint blockade is burdened by a high incidence of autoimmune thyroid dysfunction, which is often severe. Therefore, early and careful monitoring and, eventually, treatment are crucial to prevent the negative impact of thyroid dysfunction on the clinical outcome.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.