ArticleThe Journal of investigative dermatology2018
The Physicochemical Basis of Clofazimine-Induced Skin Pigmentation.
Article in The Journal of investigative dermatology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drug induced hyperpigmentation: systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Clofazimine use for nontuberculous mycobacterial infections: 10-year experience in Belgium.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Observational
- Evaluation of clofazimine-bedaquiline combination as a candidate regimen for macrolide-resistantAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Quality-by-Design Development of a Clofazimine-Pyrazinamide Dermal Emulsion and Its Diffusion Behavior in Strat-MPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review
- The Adverse Effects of Tuberculosis Treatment: A Comprehensive Literature Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- The efficacy of a regimen comprising clarithromycin, clofazimine, and bedaquiline in a mouse model of chronicAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Revolutionizing tuberculosis treatment: Breakthroughs, challenges, and hope on the horizon.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Regimen comprising clarithromycin, clofazimine and bedaquiline is more efficacious than monotherapy in a mouse model of chronicbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Drug-Induced Pigmentation: A Review.Drugs · 2024Review
- ImprovedEuropean journal of medicinal chemistry reports · 2024Article
- Distinguishing the Concentration- vs. Bioaccumulation-Dependent Immunological and Metabolic Effects of Clofazimine.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Article
- Clofazimine for the treatment of tuberculosis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Respirable Clofazimine Particles Produced by Air Jet Milling Technique Are Efficacious in Treatment of BALB/c Mice with Chronic Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Pharmacokinetics and Adverse Effects of Clofazimine in the Treatment of Pulmonary Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterial Infection.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Observational
- Pharmacologic Management ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2022Review
- Molecular design of a pathogen activated, self-assembling mechanopharmaceutical device.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2022Review
- Clofazimine derivatives as potent broad-spectrum antiviral agents with dual-target mechanism.European journal of medicinal chemistry · 2022Article
- Beneficial Effect of Minocycline as Additional Treatment to Prednisone for Pustular Erythema Nodosum Leprosum.International medical case reports journal · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Clofazimine is a weakly basic, Food and Drug Administration-approved antibiotic recommended by the World Health Organization to treat leprosy and multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis. Upon prolonged treatment, clofazimine extensively bioaccumulates and precipitates throughout the organism, forming crystal-like drug inclusions (CLDIs). Due to the drug's red color, it is widely believed that clofazimine bioaccumulation results in skin pigmentation, its most common side effect. To test whether clofazimine-induced skin pigmentation is due to CLDI formation, we synthesized a closely related clofazimine analog that does not precipitate under physiological pH and chloride conditions that are required for CLDI formation. Despite the absence of detectable CLDIs in mice, administration of this analog still led to significant skin pigmentation. In clofazimine-treated mice, skin cryosections revealed no evidence of CLDIs when analyzed with a microscopic imaging system specifically designed for detecting clofazimine aggregates. Rather, the reflectance spectra of the skin revealed a signal corresponding to the soluble, free base form of the drug. Consistent with the low concentrations of clofazimine in the skin, these results suggest that clofazimine-induced skin pigmentation is not due to clofazimine precipitation and CLDI formation, but rather to the partitioning of the circulating, free base form of the drug into subcutaneous fat.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.