Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29041975›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental health : a global access science source2017

Extreme precipitation and emergency room visits for influenza in Massachusetts: a case-crossover analysis.

Genee S Smith, Kyle P Messier, James L Crooks, Timothy J Wade, Cynthia J Lin, Elizabeth D Hilborn

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental health : a global access science source, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

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  16. Climate Change and Childhood Respiratory Health: A Call to Action for Paediatricians.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Genee S SmithOak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
Kyle P MessierUniversity of North Carolina, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
James L CrooksNational Jewish Health, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Denver, CO, USA.
Timothy J WadeUnited States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Public Health Division, MD 58A, Research Triangle Park, Chapel Hill, NC, 27711, USA.
Cynthia J LinOak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
Elizabeth D HilbornUnited States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Public Health Division, MD 58A, Research Triangle Park, Chapel Hill, NC, 27711, USA. Hilborn.e@epa.gov.
Environmental Protection Agency · USUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USColorado School of Public Health · USOak Ridge Institute for Science and Education

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInfluenza peaks during the wintertime in temperate regions and during the annual rainy season in tropical regions - however reasons for the observed differences in disease ecology are poorly understood. We hypothesize that episodes of extreme precipitation also result in increased influenza in the Northeastern United States, but this association is not readily apparent, as no defined 'rainy season' occurs. Our objective was to evaluate the association between extreme precipitation (≥ 99th percentile) events and risk of emergency room (ER) visit for influenza in Massachusetts during 2002-2008.

methodsA case-crossover analysis of extreme precipitation events and influenza ER visits was conducted using hospital administrative data including patient town of residence, date of visit, age, sex, and associated diagnostic codes. Daily precipitation estimates were generated for each town based upon data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between extreme precipitation and ER visits for influenza were estimated using conditional logistic regression.

resultsExtreme precipitation events were associated with an OR = 1.23 (95%CI: 1.16, 1.30) for ER visits for influenza at lag days 0-6. There was significant effect modification by race, with the strongest association observed among Blacks (OR = 1.48 (1.30, 1.68)).

conclusionsWe observed a positive association between extreme precipitation events and ER visits for influenza, particularly among Blacks. Our results suggest that influenza is associated with extreme precipitation in a temperate area; this association could be a result of disease ecology, behavioral changes such as indoor crowding, or both. Extreme precipitation events are expected to increase in the Northeastern United States as climate change progresses. Additional research exploring the basis of this association can inform potential interventions for extreme weather events and influenza transmission.

Indexed as

WeatherAdolescentAdultAgedChildChild, PreschoolEmergency Service, HospitalFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornInfluenza, HumanMaleMassachusettsMiddle AgedOdds RatioClimateExtreme weatherFluInfluenzaPrecipitationRainfall

Identifiers

PMID29041975
PMCPMC5645981
OpenAlexW2765890308

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.