Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29038071›Full record

ArticleContraception2018

Contraceptive method use in the United States: trends and characteristics between 2008, 2012 and 2014.

Megan L Kavanaugh, Jenna Jerman

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Contraception, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 184 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
184citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
47.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

184 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 439 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Systematic review of efficacy with extending contraceptive implant duration.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2019
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  16. Spontaneous Fracture of Copper Intrauterine Devices: A Decade-Long Retrospective Analysis From a Single Tertiary Center.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025
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124 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Megan L KavanaughGuttmacher Institute, 125 Maiden Lane, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10038. Electronic address: mkavanaugh@guttmacher.org.
Jenna JermanGuttmacher Institute, 125 Maiden Lane, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10038.
Guttmacher Institute · US

Funding

Research Infrastructure for Demographic and Behavioral Population Science Dissemination CoreR24HD074034 · NICHD · GUTTMACHER INSTITUTE · PI KOST, KATHRYN L · 2013 to 2017
$462k
NICHD NIH HHS R24 HD074034
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe objective was to examine levels of, correlates of and changes in the use of individual and grouped methods of contraception among US females aged 15-44 from 2008 to 2014. STUDY

designUsing three rounds of the National Survey of Family Growth, we analyzed samples of 12,279 (2008), 5601 (2012) and 5699 (2014) females. We conducted simple and multivariable logistic regression analyses to identify associations between demographic characteristics and contraceptive use, as well as between characteristics and changes in use patterns.

resultsIn terms of overall trends in contraceptive use between 2008 and 2014, there was no significant change in the proportion of women who used a method among either all women (60%) or those at risk of unintended pregnancy (90%). Significant changes in use occurred among six methods. The largest increase in use was among users of long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods, including the intrauterine device and implant - from 6% to 14% - across almost all population groups of female contraceptive users, while the largest decrease occurred among users of sterilization - from 37% to 28% - with lower-income women driving the decline in female sterilization and higher-income women driving the decline in a partner's sterilization as a primary method. Moderate increases were seen in the use of withdrawal and natural family planning.

conclusionMost shifts in recent contraceptive use have occurred among the most effective methods - sterilization and LARCs. Differences in method-specific user characteristics underscore the importance of ensuring full access to the broad range of methods available. IMPLICATIONS: The lack of change in the overall use of contraceptives among women at risk for unintended pregnancy may have implications for the extent to which further declines in national rates of unintended pregnancy can be expected.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultContraceptionContraception BehaviorCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleUnited StatesYoung AdultContraceptive useMethod mixNational Survey of Family GrowthUnintended pregnancyUnited States

Identifiers

PMID29038071
PMCPMC5959010
OpenAlexW2762348989

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.