Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29035642›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2018

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Cancer Survival: The Contribution of Tumor, Sociodemographic, Institutional, and Neighborhood Characteristics.

Libby Ellis, Alison J Canchola, David Spiegel, Uri Ladabaum, Robert Haile, Scarlett Lin Gomez

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 345 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
345citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
11.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

345 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 533 citations in OpenAlex.

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  19. Environmental factors shaping cancer outcomes in Alabama: A scoping review.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026
    Review
  20. Evaluating the role of survivorship care plans in modifying disparities in health status among female cancer survivors in Maryland.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
    Article

285 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Libby EllisLibby Ellis, Alison J. Canchola, and Scarlett Lin Gomez, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont; Libby Ellis, David Spiegel, and Uri Ladabaum, Stanford Cancer Institute; David Spiegel, Uri Ladabaum, and Robert Haile, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford; Robert Haile, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; and Scarlett Lin Gomez, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Alison J CancholaLibby Ellis, Alison J. Canchola, and Scarlett Lin Gomez, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont; Libby Ellis, David Spiegel, and Uri Ladabaum, Stanford Cancer Institute; David Spiegel, Uri Ladabaum, and Robert Haile, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford; Robert Haile, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; and Scarlett Lin Gomez, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
David SpiegelLibby Ellis, Alison J. Canchola, and Scarlett Lin Gomez, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont; Libby Ellis, David Spiegel, and Uri Ladabaum, Stanford Cancer Institute; David Spiegel, Uri Ladabaum, and Robert Haile, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford; Robert Haile, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; and Scarlett Lin Gomez, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Uri LadabaumLibby Ellis, Alison J. Canchola, and Scarlett Lin Gomez, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont; Libby Ellis, David Spiegel, and Uri Ladabaum, Stanford Cancer Institute; David Spiegel, Uri Ladabaum, and Robert Haile, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford; Robert Haile, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; and Scarlett Lin Gomez, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Robert HaileLibby Ellis, Alison J. Canchola, and Scarlett Lin Gomez, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont; Libby Ellis, David Spiegel, and Uri Ladabaum, Stanford Cancer Institute; David Spiegel, Uri Ladabaum, and Robert Haile, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford; Robert Haile, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; and Scarlett Lin Gomez, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Scarlett Lin GomezLibby Ellis, Alison J. Canchola, and Scarlett Lin Gomez, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont; Libby Ellis, David Spiegel, and Uri Ladabaum, Stanford Cancer Institute; David Spiegel, Uri Ladabaum, and Robert Haile, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford; Robert Haile, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; and Scarlett Lin Gomez, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Medtronic (Ireland) · IE

Funding

CALIFORNIA COORDINATED CANCER PREVENTION & CONTROL PROGRAMU58DP003862 · DP · CALIFORNIA STATE DEPT OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI SNIPES, KURT P · 2012 to 2014
$31.5M
Impact of Affect Reactivity and Regulation on Breast Cancer Treatment DecisionsU01CA197282 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI GROSS, JAMES J, SPIEGEL, DAVID · 2015 to 2019
$3.1M
NCCDPHP CDC HHS U58 DP003862NCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000034CNCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000035CNCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000035INCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000140CNCI NIH HHS U01 CA197282
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose Racial/ethnic disparities in cancer survival in the United States are well documented, but the underlying causes are not well understood. We quantified the contribution of tumor, treatment, hospital, sociodemographic, and neighborhood factors to racial/ethnic survival disparities in California. Materials and Methods California Cancer Registry data were used to estimate population-based cancer-specific survival for patients diagnosed with breast, prostate, colorectal, or lung cancer between 2000 and 2013 for each racial/ethnic group (non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, Asian American and Pacific Islander, and separately each for Chinese, Japanese, and Filipino) compared with non-Hispanic whites. The percentage contribution of factors to overall racial/ethnic survival disparities was estimated from a sequence of multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Results In baseline models, black patients had the lowest survival for all cancer sites, and Asian American and Pacific Islander patients had the highest, compared with whites. Mediation analyses suggested that stage at diagnosis had the greatest influence on overall racial/ethnic survival disparities accounting for 24% of disparities in breast cancer, 24% in prostate cancer, and 16% to 30% in colorectal cancer. Neighborhood socioeconomic status was an important factor in all cancers, but only for black and Hispanic patients. The influence of marital status on racial/ethnic disparities was stronger in men than in women. Adjustment for all covariables explained approximately half of the overall survival disparities in breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer, but it explained only 15% to 40% of disparities in lung cancer. Conclusion Overall reductions in racial/ethnic survival disparities were driven largely by reductions for black compared with white patients. Stage at diagnosis had the largest effect on racial/ethnic survival disparities, but earlier detection would not entirely eliminate them. The influences of neighborhood socioeconomic status and marital status suggest that social determinants, support mechanisms, and access to health care are important contributing factors.

Indexed as

AgedAsianBlack or African AmericanBreast NeoplasmsCaliforniaColorectal NeoplasmsEducational StatusFemaleHealth Status DisparitiesHispanic or LatinoHumansLung NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasmsProstatic Neoplasms

Identifiers

PMID29035642
PMCPMC5756323
OpenAlexW2766852096

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.