ReviewEuropean journal of microbiology & immunology2017
Fibroblasts: The Unknown Sentinels Eliciting Immune Responses Against Microorganisms.
Review in European journal of microbiology & immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.
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Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Decoding the lncRNA landscape in bovine mastitis: insights into immune regulation and gene networks underlying host response.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Mesenchyme-derived inflammation during the saccular stage recruits macrophages and alters lung development.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Exploration of Regulatory Elements, MicroRNAs, and Copy Number Variation in Urogenital Chlamydia Reinfection in African American Women.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- 3D models for oral inflammation using gingival fibroblasts, lipopolysaccharides and hypoxia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A 3D Organotypic Human Bronchial Model Reveals Persistent Infection and Modulated Inflammatory Response when Exposed toTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- CRISPR-Cas9 Screening and Simulated Infection Transcriptomic Identify Key Drivers of Innate Immunity in Bactrian Camels.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Fibroblasts as Immunological Sentinels in Cutaneous Inflammation: A Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Fibroblasts as key effectors of acupuncture in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
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- Toll-like Receptors 1, 3 and 7 Activate Distinct Genetic Features of NF-κB Signaling and γ-Protocadherin Expression in Human Cardiac Fibroblasts.Inflammation · 2025Article
- Inhibition ofPolymers · 2025Article
- Radioresistance Mechanisms in Head and Neck Cancer.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2025Review
- Bioengineering approaches to trained immunity: Physiologic targets and therapeutic strategies.eLife · 2025Review
- Immunomodulation Through Fibroblast-Derived Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) Within 3D Polycaprolactone-Collagen Matrix.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effect of Fibroblast Signaling on Macrophage Polarization.The American journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Bacterial colonization contributes to pathological scar formation via the regulation of inflammatory response.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Fibromodulin-overexpressing fibroblast cells increase wound contraction, improve scar quality and enhance angiogenesis: an in-vivo study.BMC biotechnology · 2025Article
- Beyond the clot: how the biomolecular landscape of platelet-rich fibrin directs fibroblast functions.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Review
- Activation of cellular responses by cyclic dinucleotides andJournal of oral microbiology · 2025Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fibroblasts are present in all tissues but predominantly in connective tissues. Some of their functions include contractility, locomotion, collagen and elastin fiber production, and the regulation and degradation of the extracellular matrix. Also, fibroblasts act as sentinels to produce inflammatory mediators in response to several microorganisms. There is evidence that fibroblasts can synthesize toll-like receptors (TLRs), antimicrobial peptides, proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, which are important molecules involved in innate immune response against microorganisms. Fibroblasts can express TLRs (TLR-1 to TLR-10) to sense microbial components or microorganisms. They can synthesize antimicrobial peptides, such as LL-37, defensins hBD-1, and hBD-2, molecules that perform antimicrobial activity. Also, they can produce proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNFα, INFγ, IL-6, IL-12p70, and IL-10; other chemokines, such as CCL1, CCL2, CCL5, CXCL1, CXCL8, CXCL10, and CX3CL1; and the growth factors granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to induce and recruit inflammatory cells. According to their immunological attributes, we can conclude that fibroblasts are sentinel cells that recognize pathogens, induce the recruitment of inflammatory cells via cytokines and growth factors, and release antimicrobial peptides, complying with the characteristics of real sentinels.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.