ReviewFrontiers in immunology2017
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Type I Interferons-Where Sex Makes a Difference.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 pandemic: insights into molecular mechanisms leading to sex-based differences in patient outcomes.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Male sex identified by global COVID-19 meta-analysis as a risk factor for death and ITU admission.Nature communications · 2020Pooled it
- Sex-related differences in markers of immune activation in virologically suppressed HIV-infected patients.Biology of sex differences · 2020Trial
- The HIV Reservoir and Immune Landscape Across the Life Course of Women: Implications for Cure Strategies.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- The Role of Type I Interferons in Tuberculosis and in Tuberculosis-Risk-Associated Comorbidities.Infectious disease reports · 2025Review
- Review
- Analysis of sex-biased gene expression in a Eurasian admixed population.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2024Article
- Pain mechanisms in the transgender individual: a review.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Heightened expression of type I interferon signaling genes in CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Consequences of HIV infection in the bone marrow niche.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Therapeutic Use and Chronic Abuse of CNS Stimulants and Anabolic Drugs.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Review
- The immune response to COVID-19: Does sex matter?Immunology · 2022Review
- Sex stratification of the trends and risk of mortality among individuals living with HIV under different transmission categories.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Sexual Dimorphism in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection: Evidence to Inform Elimination Efforts.Wellcome open research · 2022Review
- Sex-specific regulation of IL-10 production in human adipose tissue in obesity.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Women for science and science for women: Gaps, challenges and opportunities towards optimizing pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV-1 prevention.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Interferon: The invisible link in the physiopathology of COVID-19 and BCGitis?Scandinavian journal of immunology · 2020Article
- Implications of Sex Differences in Immunity for SARS-CoV-2 Pathogenesis and Design of Therapeutic Interventions.Immunity · 2020Review
- Sex Hormone-Dependent Physiology and Diseases of Liver.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
- Sex-specific neurogenic deficits and neurocognitive disorders in middle-aged HIV-1 Tg26 transgenic mice.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 epidemic continues to represent a global health problem that is over-proportionally affecting women from sub-Saharan Africa. Besides social and environmental factors, the modulation of immunological pathways by sex hormones and gene dosage effects of X chromosomal-encoded genes have been suggested to lead to differential outcomes in HIV-1 disease. Women present with lower HIV-1 loads early in infection. However, the progression to AIDS for the same level of viremia is faster in women than in men. Type I interferons (IFNs) play a prominent role in the control of HIV-1 transmission and replication. Continuous stimulation of type I IFNs in chronic viral infections can lead to increased levels of immune activation, which can be higher in HIV-1-infected women than in men. A role of steroid hormone signaling in regulating viral replication has been postulated, which might further account for sex differences observed in HIV-1 infections. Here, we review recent findings and current knowledge on sex-specific differences in HIV-1 infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.