Observational studyCardiovascular drugs and therapy2017
Assessing Adherence to Antihypertensive Therapy in Primary Health Care in Namibia: Findings and Implications.
Observational study in Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- High Burden and Trend in Nonadherence to Blood Pressure-Lowering Medications: Meta-Analysis of Data From Over 34 000 Adults With Hypertension in Sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Pooled it
- The Long and Winding Road: A Systematic Literature Review Conceptualising Pathways for Hypertension Care and Control in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.International journal of health policy and management · 2022Pooled it
- A National Survey of Adherence to Glucose-Lowering Medication Among Adults With Diabetes in Indonesia.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Article
- Factors associated with medication adherence among hypertensive patients in Namibia.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2026Article
- Study on health seeking behaviour and determinants of undiagnosed hypertension in poor households in the Philippines, part of the RESPOND study (SHARP-RESPOND).PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Arabic translation and cultural adaptation of Hill-Bone compliance to high blood pressure therapy scale.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2024Article
- Review
- Validity and reliability of the Romanian version of the Hill-Bone compliance to high blood pressure therapy scale.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Article
- Barriers and Facilitators to Risk Reduction of Cardiovascular Disease in Hypertensive Patients in Nigeria.Annals of global health · 2023Article
- Reliability and Validity of the Amharic Version of the Hill-Bone Adherence to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale Among Ethiopian Hypertensive Patients.Patient preference and adherence · 2023Article
- A Systematic Review of the Hill-Bone Compliance to Blood Pressure Therapy Scale.Patient preference and adherence · 2023Review
- Measurement Tools and Utility of Hair Analysis for Screening Adherence to Antihypertensive Medication.Global heart · 2023Review
- A Cross-Sectional Study on Hypertension Medication Adherence in a High-Burden Region in Namibia: Exploring Hypertension Interventions and Validation of the Namibia Hill-Bone Compliance Scale.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Medication Adherence and Blood Pressure Control Among Hypertensive Outpatients Attending a Tertiary Cardiovascular Hospital in Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study.Integrated blood pressure control · 2022Article
- Translation, Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Hill Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale to Nepalese Language.Patient preference and adherence · 2022Article
- Integrating hypertension and HIV care in Namibia: A quality improvement collaborative approach.PloS one · 2022Article
- Strategies to Improve Antimicrobial Utilization with a Special Focus on Developing Countries.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Factors associated with incidence of stroke and heart failure among people living with HIV in Ghana: Evaluating Vascular Event Risk while on Long-Term Antiretroviral Suppressive Therapy (EVERLAST) Study.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionNamibia has the highest burden and incidence of hypertension in sub-Sahara Africa. Though non-adherence to antihypertensive therapy is an important cardiovascular risk factor, little is known about potential ways to improve adherence in Namibia following universal access. The objective of this study is to validate the Hill-Bone compliance scale and determine the level and predictors of adherence to antihypertensive treatment in primary health care settings in sub-urban townships of Windhoek, Namibia.
methodsReliability was determined by Cronbach's alpha. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to assess construct validity.
resultsThe PCA was consistent with the three constructs for 12 items, explaining 24.1, 16.7 and 10.8% of the variance. Cronbach's alpha was 0.695. None of the 120 patients had perfect adherence to antihypertensive therapy, and less than half had acceptable levels of adherence (≥ 80%). The mean adherence level was 76.7 ± 8.1%. Three quarters of patients ever missed their scheduled clinic appointment. Having a family support system (OR = 5.4, 95% CI 1.687-27.6, p = 0.045) and attendance of follow-up visits (OR = 3.1, 95% CI 1.1-8.7, p = 0.03) were significant predictors of adherence. Having HIV/AIDs did not lower adherence.
conclusionsThe modified Namibian version of the Hill-Bone scale is reliable and valid for assessing adherence to antihypertensives in Namibia. There is sub-optimal adherence to antihypertensive therapy among primary health cares in Namibia. This needs standardized systems to strengthen adherence monitoring as well as investigation of other factors including transport to take full advantage of universal access.
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