Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29031809›Full record

ArticleNeurobiology of learning and memory2017

Grouping subjects based on conditioning criteria reveals differences in acquisition rates and in strength of conditioning-specific reflex modification.

Carrie A Smith-Bell, Bernard G Schreurs

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neurobiology of learning and memory, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Carrie A Smith-BellDepartment of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience and Blanchette Rockefeller Neurosciences Institute, United States. Electronic address: cbell@hsc.wvu.edu.
Bernard G SchreursDepartment of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience and Blanchette Rockefeller Neurosciences Institute, United States.

Funding

Developing Treatments for Hyperarousal in a Model SystemR01MH081159 · NIMH · WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY · PI SCHREURS, BERNARD G. · 2009 to 2017
$3.0M
Conditioning-specific reflex modificationR01MH064715 · NIMH · WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY · PI SCHREURS, BERNARD G. · 2002 to 2004
$511k
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH064715NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH081159
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Averaging behavioral data such as the nictitating membrane response (NMR) across subjects can conceal important individual and group differences. Analyses were conducted of NMR data from rabbits that were grouped based on the point during NMR conditioning when subjects produced 8 conditioned responses (CR) in a set of 10 trials. This resulted in five groups (Early Day 1, Late Day 1, Early Day 2, Late Day 2, Early Day 3) in which group differences in CR acquisition rates were found. Percent (%) CRs were not found to increase monotonically and between-session differences in % CR were found. Conditioning-specific reflex modification (CRM) of the NMR is a type of enhanced reflexive responding of the NMR that is detected when the unconditioned stimulus (US) is presented in the absence of the conditioned stimulus (CS) following paired classical conditioning. CRM occurred in some subjects in all five groups. Subjects from both the group that was fastest and the group that was slowest to reach the learning criterion had unconditioned response (UR) topographies following NMR conditioning that strongly resembled the CR-UR response sequence elicited during NMR conditioning. This finding was most pronounced when the US duration used to assess CRM was equivalent to that used during NMR conditioning, further evidence to support the hypothesis that CRM is a CR that has generalized from the CS to the US. While grouping data based on conditioning criteria did not facilitate identifying individuals more predisposed to exhibiting CRM, strong CRM only occurred in the groups that reached the conditioning criterion the fastest.

Indexed as

Conditioning, ClassicalConditioning, EyelidAnimalsMaleNictitating MembraneRabbitsReproducibility of ResultsClassical conditioningEyeblinkNMR conditioningRabbitReflex modification

Identifiers

PMID29031809
PMCPMC6613373

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.