ReviewVaccine2019
Considerations for using ETEC and Shigella disease burden estimates to guide vaccine development strategy.
Review in Vaccine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Burden ofBMJ global health · 2026Pooled it
- Whole genome sequencing analysis of antibiotic resistant genes of Shigella species: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Protective antibodies against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli are generated from heat-labile toxoid vaccination and exhibit subject- and vaccine-specific diversity.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2025Trial
- Safety and Immunogenicity of a 4-Component Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens Shigella Vaccine in Healthy European Adults: Randomized, Phase 1/2 Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Trial
- EnterotoxigenicProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Trial
- Review
- Vaccine Candidates Designed to Prevent Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Diarrhoea: A Scoping Review of Clinical Trials Evaluating Vaccine Candidates in Development.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Article
- Identification, antimicrobial susceptibility test, and pathogenicity analysis ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Leveraging Data From a Longitudinal Birth Cohort to Improve Attribution of Diarrhea Etiology Among Children in Low-Resource Settings.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Shigella sonnei: epidemiology, evolution, pathogenesis, resistance and host interactions.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Repeat modules and N-linked glycans define structure and antigenicity of a critical enterotoxigenic E. coli adhesin.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Article
- Repeat modules and N-linked glycans define structure and antigenicity of a critical enterotoxigenicbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Field evaluation of a simple and rapid diagnostic test, RLDT to detect Shigella and enterotoxigenic E. coli in Indian children.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Whole genome sequencing and antimicrobial resistance among clinical isolates of Shigella sonnei in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.PloS one · 2024Article
- Genome-Wide Investigation Reveals Potential Therapeutic Targets inBioMed research international · 2024Article
- Epidemiology of enterotoxigenicFrontiers in public health · 2024Article
- ExploringVaccine: X · 2023Article
- Contribution of the Rapid LAMP-Based Diagnostic Test (RLDT) to the Evaluation of EnterotoxigenicMicroorganisms · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and Shigella are enteropathogens causing significant global morbidity and mortality, particularly in low-income countries. No licensed vaccine exists for either pathogen, but candidates are in development, with the most advanced candidates potentially approaching pivotal efficacy testing within the next few years. A positive policy recommendation for introduction of any vaccine, following licensure, depends on evidence of vaccine cost-effectiveness and impact on morbidity and mortality. The mortality estimates for these two pathogens have fluctuated over recent years, which has led to uncertainty in the assessment of their relative public health importance for use in low and middle-income countries. This paper summarizes the various ETEC and Shigella disease burden estimates, based on a review of current literature and informal consultations with leading stakeholders in enteric disease modelling. We discuss the factors that underpin the variability, including differences in the modelling methodology; diagnostic tools used to ascertain diarrheal etiology; epidemiological setting; the data that are available to incorporate; and absolute changes in the total number of diarrheal deaths over time. We consider the further work that will strengthen the evidence needed to support future decision making with respect to recommendations on the relative utility of these vaccines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.