Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29030586›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2017

Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans not detected in U.S. survey of pet salamanders.

Blake Klocke, Matthew Becker, James Lewis, Robert C Fleischer, Carly R Muletz-Wolz, Larry Rockwood, A Alonso Aguirre, Brian Gratwicke

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Quantitative support for the benefits of proactive management for wildlife disease control.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2025
    Article
  2. The magnitude of legal wildlife trade and implications for species survival.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
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  10. The fungal pathogenPeerJ · 2022
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  18. Risk of survival, establishment and spread ofEFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2018
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Blake KlockeDepartment of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, 22030, United States of America. blake.klocke@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-1826-7718
Matthew BeckerCenter for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, 20008, United States of America.
James LewisRainforest Trust, Warrenton, VA, 20187, United States of America.
Robert C FleischerCenter for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, 20008, United States of America.
Carly R Muletz-WolzCenter for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, 20008, United States of America.
Larry RockwoodDepartment of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, 22030, United States of America.
A Alonso AguirreDepartment of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, 22030, United States of America.
Brian GratwickeSmithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, 20008, United States of America.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We engaged pet salamander owners in the United States to screen their animals for two amphibian chytrid fungal pathogens Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and B. salamandrivorans (Bsal). We provided pet owners with a sampling kit and instructional video to swab the skin of their animals. We received 639 salamander samples from 65 species by mail, and tested them for Bd and Bsal using qPCR. We detected Bd on 1.3% of salamanders (95% CI 0.0053-0.0267) and did not detect Bsal (95% CI 0.0000-0.0071). If Bsal is present in the U.S. population of pet salamanders, it occurs at a very low prevalence. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service listed 201 species of salamanders as "injurious wildlife" under the Lacey Act (18 U.S.C. § 42) on January 28, 2016, a precautionary action to prevent the introduction of Bsal to the U.S. through the importation of salamanders. This action reduced the number of salamanders imported to the U.S. from 2015 to 2016 by 98.4%. Our results indicate that continued precautions should be taken to prevent the introduction and establishment of Bsal in the U.S., which is a hotspot of salamander biodiversity.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiodiversityCaudataChytridiomycotaMycosesSkin

Identifiers

PMID29030586
PMCPMC5640657

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.