ArticleJournal of the American College of Surgeons2017
Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis and Risk for Postoperative Antibiotic-Resistant Infections.
Article in Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incidence and predictors of postoperative complications in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in health services · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness of nursing intervention in the operating room to prevent wound infections in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery: A meta-analysis.International wound journal · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Article
- Application of PDCA cycle management in the rational use of perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis in orthopedic clean surgery.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- The Impact of Antibiotic Prophylaxis on Antibiotic Resistance, Clinical Outcomes, and Costs in Adult Hemato-Oncological and Surgical Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Point-Prevalence Survey of Antimicrobial Use in Benin Hospitals: The Need for Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Healthcare Priorities for Surgical Care in Canada.Annals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches · 2025Review
- Article
- Tailored Pre-Operative Antibiotic Prophylaxis to Prevent Post-Operative Surgical Site Infections in General Surgery.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Retrospective Longitudinal Study on Changes in Atmospheric Pressure as a Predisposing Factor for Odontogenic Abscess Formation.Dentistry journal · 2023Article
- Exploring antibiotic resistance load in paddy-upland rotation fields amended with commercial organic and chemical/slow release fertilizer.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Cervical spinal cord stimulator trial complicated by epidural abscess.Interventional pain medicine · 2022Article
- Factfinders for patient safety: Antibiotics for disc access and spinal cord stimulation trials.Interventional pain medicine · 2022Article
- Choice of Antimicrobials in Surgical Prophylaxis - Overuse and Surgical Site Infection Outcomes from a Tertiary-Level Care Hospital.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Antibiotics or No Antibiotics, That Is the Question: An Update on Efficient and Effective Use of Antibiotics in Dental Practice.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis use in elective orthopaedic surgery - a cross-sectional analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2021Article
- Risk factors, bacteriological profile and outcome of surgical site infections following orthopaedic surgery.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2021Article
- Observational
- Antimicrobial Effects of Equine Platelet Lysate.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAntibiotic-resistant infections have high rates of morbidity and mortality, and exposure to antibiotics is the crucial risk factor for development of antibiotic resistance. If surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) increases risk for antibiotic-resistant infections, prophylaxis may cause net harm, even if it decreases overall infection rates. STUDY
designThis retrospective cohort study included adults who underwent elective surgical procedures and developed infections within 30 postoperative days. Procedures from multiple disciplines were included if SAP was considered discretionary by current guidelines. Postoperative antibiotic-resistant infections were defined as positive culture results from any site within 30 postoperative days, showing intermediate or nonsusceptibility across 1 or more antibiotic classes. Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis included use of antibiotics within any class and at any dose from 1 hour before first incision until the end of the operation.
resultsAmong 689 adults with postoperative infections, 338 (49%) had postoperative resistant infections. Use of SAP was not associated with postoperative antibiotic-resistant infections (odds ratio [OR] 0.99; 95% CI 0.67 to 1.46). This result remained robust when the SAP definition was extended to antibiotics given within 4 hours before first incision (OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.63 to 1.40) and when the follow-up window was narrowed to 14 days (OR 0.82; 95% CI 0.50 to 1.34). Previous antibiotic-resistant infections were associated with risk for postoperative antibiotic-resistant infections (OR 1.81; 95% CI 1.16 to 2.83).
conclusionsUse of SAP was not associated with risk for postoperative antibiotic-resistant infections in a large cohort of patients with postoperative infections. This provides important reassurance regarding use of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.