ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2017
A Combination of Immune Checkpoint Inhibition with Metronomic Chemotherapy as a Way of Targeting Therapy-Resistant Cancer Cells.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nanoadjuvant-integrated organic biomaterials for immune engineering: Mechanisms, design strategies, and translational applications.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Metronomic chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy in solid tumor: a systematic review.Translational cancer research · 2026Review
- Ligand-directed oral lipidic nanoplatform enables sustained ferroptosis and immune reprogramming via multivalent transporter-mediated metronomic delivery.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells: Mechanisms of Progression and Therapeutic Strategies.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Epigenetics of Malignant Melanoma: Mechanisms, Diagnostic Approaches and Therapeutic Applications.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Metronomic Chemotherapy: A Novel Approach in Cancer Treatment.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Review
- PEGylated PLGA nanoparticles: unlocking advanced strategies for cancer therapy.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Novel Effective Therapeutic Regimen for Recurrent/Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer: Concurrent Triple Oral Metronomic Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy.Journal of immunotherapy and precision oncology · 2024Article
- Combined Metronomic Chemo-immunotherapy (CMCI) in Head and Neck Cancers-An Experience from a Developing Country.Indian journal of surgical oncology · 2024Article
- Review
- Guiding model-driven combination dose selection using multi-objective synergy optimization.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2023Article
- Metronomic Chemotherapy: Anti-Tumor Pathways and Combination with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Cancers · 2023Review
- Molecular mechanisms augmenting resistance to current therapies in clinics among cervical cancer patients.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Review
- Progress in the clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Association of lymphocyte subsets with efficacy and prognosis of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma: a retrospective study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2022Article
- Application of Noninvasive Imaging to Combined Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Breast Cancer: Facts and Future.Molecular imaging and biology · 2022Review
- Current Research Status of Metronomic Chemotherapy in Combination Treatment of Breast Cancer.Oncology research and treatment · 2022Review
- Drug Repurposing by Tumor Tissue Editing.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) Predicts Survival in Gastric Cancer Patients With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (PD-1/PD-L1) Outcomes.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Metronomic Anti-Cancer Therapy: A Multimodal Therapy Governed by the Tumor Microenvironment.Cancers · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Therapeutic resistance remains a major obstacle in treating many cancers, particularly in advanced stages. It is likely that cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs) have the potential to eliminate therapy-resistant cancer cells. However, their effectiveness may be limited either by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, or by immune cell death induced by cytotoxic treatments. High-frequency low-dose (also known as metronomic) chemotherapy can help improve the activity of CTLs by providing sufficient stimulation for cytotoxic immune cells without excessive depletion. Additionally, therapy-induced removal of tumor cells that compete for shared nutrients may also facilitate tumor infiltration by CTLs, further improving prognosis. Metronomic chemotherapy can also decrease the number of immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment, including regulatory T cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Immune checkpoint inhibition can further augment anti-tumor immune responses by maintaining T cells in an activated state. Combining immune checkpoint inhibition with metronomic administration of chemotherapeutic drugs may create a synergistic effect that augments anti-tumor immune responses and clears metabolic competition. This would allow immune-mediated elimination of therapy-resistant cancer cells, an effect that may be unattainable by using either therapeutic modality alone.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.