Observational studyPloS one2017
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae colonization (CRE) and subsequent risk of infection and 90-day mortality in critically ill patients, an observational study.
Observational study in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 214 citations in OpenAlex.
- "Nebulized lidocaine for intractable cough in hospice care: a comprehensive review of efficacy, safety, and future perspectives".BMC palliative care · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A systematic literature review and expert consensus on risk factors associated to infection progression in adult patients with respiratory tract or rectal colonisation by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2022Pooled it
- Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial of Enhanced Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales Prevention Program in General Medicine Wards, Siriraj Hospital.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Trial
- Construction of a Risk Prediction Model for Subsequent Bloodstream Infection in Intestinal Carriers of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae: A Retrospective Study in Hematology Department and Intensive Care Unit.Infection and drug resistance · 2021Trial
- Diverse Genetic Lineages Spreading Across Healthcare and Community Boundaries Underlie Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Enterobacterales Colonization Burden in Botswana.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Beyond Colonization: Dynamic Risk Stratification and Clinical Decision-Making for MDR Gram-Negative Infections in Critically Ill Patients.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Molecular and phenotypic profiles of carbapenem- and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from the fecal microbiota of pediatric patients with COVID-19.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Seasonality and other factors influencing hospital acquisition of multi-drug-resistant Enterobacterales colonisation: a one-year cohort study - Botswana, 2022-2023.Infection prevention in practice · 2026Article
- Challenges and opportunities in the management of severe pneumonia. Key concepts from the Seventh Annual Meeting of Spanish Experts 2025.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2026Review
- Are hospital environments an underestimated source for Gram-negative infections in critically ill patients? A non-multi-drug-resistantInfection prevention in practice · 2026Article
- Multidrug-resistant colonization in decompensated cirrhosis outside the ICU predicts infection and poor outcomes.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Article
- Predictive performance of weekly rectal surveillance cultures and extra-rectal colonization for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infections in a resource-limited ICU with KPC and NDM co-circulation.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2026Observational
- Prevalence and risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales colonization in hospitalized children in a provincial hospital in Vietnam.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Comparative metagenomics using pan-metagenomic graphs.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Therapeutic management of health care-associated pneumonia.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2025Review
- The Rapid CarbaLux Combination Test to Uncover Bacterial Resistance and Heteroresistance Prior to Antibiotic Treatment.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Impact of Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis Targeting Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria on Postoperative Infection Rates in Liver Transplant Recipients.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae gut colonization and subsequent infection in pediatric intensive care units in shanghai, China.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2025Article
- Risk factors for household colonization by extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant enterobacterales (ESCrE) in Botswana.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2025Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCarbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) have emerged as an urgent public health threat. Intestinal colonization with CRE has been identified as a risk factor for the development of systemic CRE infection, but has not been compared to colonization with third and/or fourth generation cephalosporin-resistant (Ceph-R) Enterobacteriaceae. Moreover, the risk conferred by colonization on adverse outcomes is less clear, particularly in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).
methodsWe carried out a cohort study of consecutive adult patients screened for rectal colonization with CRE or Ceph-R upon ICU entry between April and July 2013. We identified clinical variables and assessed the relationship between CRE or Ceph-R colonization and subsequent systemic CRE infection within 30 days (primary outcome) and all-cause mortality within 90 days (secondary outcome).
resultsAmong 338 ICU patients, 94 (28%) were colonized with either Ceph-R or CRE. 26 patients developed CRE infection within 30 days of swab collection; 47% (N = 17/36) of CRE-colonized and 3% (N = 2/58) of Ceph-R colonized patients. 36% (N = 13/36) of CRE-colonized patients died within 90 days compared to 31% (N = 18/58) of Ceph-R-colonized and 15% (N = 37/244) of non-colonized patients. In a multivariable analysis, CRE colonization independently predicted development of a systemic CRE infection at 30 days (aOR 10.8, 95% CI2.8-41.9, p = 0.0006); Ceph-R colonization did not (aOR 0.5, 95% CI0.1-3.3, p = 0.5). CRE colonization was associated with increased 90-day mortality in a univariable analysis (p-value 0.001), in a multivariable model, previous hospitalization and medical ICU admission were independent predictors of 90-day mortality whereas CRE colonization approached significance (aOR 2.3, 95% CI1.0-5.3, p = 0.056).
conclusionsOur study highlights the increased risk of CRE infection and mortality in patients with CRE colonization at the time of ICU admission. Future studies are needed to assess how CRE colonization can guide empiric antibiotic choices and to develop novel decolonization strategies.
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