ArticlePloS one2017
Emotional and tangible social support in a German population-based sample: Development and validation of the Brief Social Support Scale (BS6).
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
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- Integrating one-to-one peer support into psycho-oncological care in Germany: multi-perspective, mixed-methods evaluation of the isPO onco-guide service.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Trial
- Training climate matters: programmatic openness, individual belonging, and trainee mistreatment in graduate medical education.Medical education online · 2026Article
- The moderating effect of depression on social media use and online social support: differential effects on psychological well-being.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Symptom-based clusters in people with post-COVID-19 condition (PCC).Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Online Social Support - an Adjunct or Substitute for Traditional Social Support: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Development and Initial Validation of a Brief, Online Version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D): Psychometric Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Correlates of Loneliness in Parkinson Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Gendered analysis of care work burden and mental health using data from the Gutenberg Covid-19 study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Results of a multi-perspective examination of loneliness trajectories and its determinants in German adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Observational
- Psychological indicators for healthy aging: validation of the German short version of Ryff's scales of psychological well-being (SPWB).Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2025Article
- Social determinants of student mental health before and after the Beirut port explosion: two cross-sectional studies.Conflict and health · 2025Article
- From Mistreatment to Burnout: The Mediating Role of Emotional Regulation in Graduate Medical Trainees.Perspectives on medical education · 2025Article
- Tailoring interpersonal psychotherapy to psycho-oncology patients (TIPTOP): feasibility study protocol.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Emotional-informational support and post-traumatic growth in skin disorders.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2025Article
- The development of a brief version of the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale (Brief-LAPS).Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Different risk and protective factors predict change of planning ability in middle versus older age.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aim of the study was the development and validation of the psychometric properties of a six-item bi-factorial instrument for the assessment of social support (emotional and tangible support) with a population-based sample. A cross-sectional data set of N = 15,010 participants enrolled in the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) in 2007-2012 was divided in two sub-samples. The GHS is a population-based, prospective, observational single-center cohort study in the Rhein-Main-Region in western Mid-Germany. The first sub-sample was used for scale development by performing an exploratory factor analysis. In order to test construct validity, confirmatory factor analyses were run to compare the extracted bi-factorial model with the one-factor solution. Reliability of the scales was indicated by calculating internal consistency. External validity was tested by investigating demographic characteristics health behavior, and distress using analysis of variance, Spearman and Pearson correlation analysis, and logistic regression analysis. Based on an exploratory factor analysis, a set of six items was extracted representing two independent factors. The two-factor structure of the Brief Social Support Scale (BS6) was confirmed by the results of the confirmatory factor analyses. Fit indices of the bi-factorial model were good and better compared to the one-factor solution. External validity was demonstrated for the BS6. The BS6 is a reliable and valid short scale that can be applied in social surveys due to its brevity to assess emotional and practical dimensions of social support.
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Registered trials
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