SynthesisArchives of women's mental health2018
A systematic review of cortisol, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and prolactin in peripartum women with major depression.
Synthesis in Archives of women's mental health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of sex differences in the relationship between hormones and depression in HIV.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Depression and glioblastoma, complicated concomitant diseases: a systemic review of published literature.Neurosurgical review · 2020Pooled it
- Effects of a Brief Electronic Mindfulness-Based Intervention on Relieving Prenatal Depression and Anxiety in Hospitalized High-Risk Pregnant Women: Exploratory Pilot Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Trial
- From childhood to adult trauma and negative birth experiences: distal and proximal factors associated with childbirth-related posttraumatic stress symptoms.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Understanding Depression in Women Across the Lifespan: Hormonal Insights From Brain Imaging.Brain and behavior · 2026Review
- Global, regional, and national burden and trends of mental disorders in women of childbearing age: a systematic analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2021.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Sex-specific prolactin disturbance and divergent gonadal hormone correlates in first-episode schizophrenia.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Prepartal Stress, Prepartal and Postpartal Hair Glucocorticoid Concentrations, and Symptoms of Postpartum Depression 3 Days and 12 Weeks After Delivery.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- Blood transcriptomic signatures associated with depression, or the risk for depression, in pregnant women from the Psychiatry Research And Motherhood - Depression (PRAM-D) study.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Affective symptoms in pregnancy are associated with the vaginal microbiome.Journal of affective disorders · 2025Article
- The pathophysiology of estrogen in perinatal depression: conceptual update.Archives of women's mental health · 2024Review
- Wheel Running During Pregnancy Alleviates Anxiety-and Depression-Like Behaviors During the Postpartum Period in Mice: The Roles of NLRP3 Neuroinflammasome Activation, Prolactin, and the Prolactin Receptor in the Hippocampus.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Perinatal Predictors and Mediators of Attachment Patterns in Preschool Children: Exploration of Children's Contributions in Interactions with Mothers.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Weaning and depression: a closer look.Archives of women's mental health · 2024Review
- Effects of Chaihu Shugan San on Brain Functional Network Connectivity in the Hippocampus of a Perimenopausal Depression Rat Model.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Depression in Women: Potential Biological and Sociocultural Factors Driving the Sex Effect.Neuropsychobiology · 2024Review
- Associations of serum cortisol and inflammatory marker features with depression and anxiety in young women with gynecologic cancer.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Article
- Biomarkers of Postpartum Depression: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Thyroid Predictors of Postpartum Mood Disorders.Cureus · 2023Review
- Gender Differences in Cortisol and Cortisol Receptors in Depression: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pregnancy and postpartum are periods of high susceptibility to major depression (MD) and other mood disorders. The peripartum period is also a time of considerable changes in the levels of hormones, including cortisol, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin, gonadotropins, and gonadal steroids. To investigate the relationship between mood and hormonal changes during and after pregnancy, we reviewed published reports of hormonal measures during this time frame, searched via PubMed and Web of Science. Studies were included if women in the antepartum or postpartum periods were clinically diagnosed with MD, and if there were repeated measures of cortisol, TSH, or prolactin. For these three hormones, the numbers of human studies that met these criteria were 15, 7, and 3, respectively. Convergent findings suggest that morning cortisol is reduced in pregnant and postpartum women with MD. Evidence did not support changes in TSH as a marker of MD during the peripartum period, and evidence for changes in prolactin in peripartum MD was equivocal. Aside from reduced morning cortisol in peripartum women with MD, definitive evidence for an association between specific hormonal fluctuations and mood disorders in the peripartum period remains elusive.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.