Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29022071›Full record

ArticlePsychopharmacology2018

Sex differences in tobacco withdrawal and responses to smoking reduced-nicotine cigarettes in young smokers.

Paul Faulkner, Nicole Petersen, Dara G Ghahremani, Chelsea M Cox, Rachel F Tyndale, Gerhard S Hellemann, Edythe D London

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Psychopharmacology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Nicotine Reduction in Cigarettes: Literature Review and Gap Analysis.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019
    Pooled it
  2. Comparing neuromodulation targets to reduce cigarette craving and withdrawal: a randomized clinical trial.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
    Trial
  3. Manipulation of Menthol and Nicotine Content in Cigarettes: Effects on Smoking Behavior and Toxicant Exposure in Women Menthol Smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023
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  20. Affect and subjective cognitive functioning by depression symptom levels during naturalistic cigarette smoking in premenopausal females who smoke daily.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Paul FaulknerDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90025, USA.
Nicole PetersenDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90025, USA.
Dara G GhahremaniDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90025, USA.
Chelsea M CoxDepartment of Psychology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.
Rachel F TyndaleDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Gerhard S HellemannDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90025, USA.
Edythe D LondonDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90025, USA. elondon@mednet.ucla.edu.
University of California, Los Angeles · USCentre for Addiction and Mental Health · CAUniversity of Illinois Chicago · US

Funding

UCLA Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR000124 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI DUBINETT, STEVEN M. · 2012 to 2015
$57.0M
Behavioral and Neural Response to Reduced Nicotine Cigarettes in Young SmokersR01DA036487 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI LONDON, EDYTHE DANICK · 2013 to 2015
$1.5M
Center for the Study of Women, University of California, Los Angeles UL1TR000124NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000124NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA036487NIDA NIH HHS R01DA036487
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationalePolicies that establish a standard for reduced nicotine content in cigarettes can decrease the prevalence of smoking in the USA. Cigarettes with nicotine yields as low as 0.05 mg produce substantial occupancy of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (26%), but women and men respond differently to these cigarettes.

objectiveThis study aimed to measure responses to smoking cigarettes that varied widely in nicotine yields, investigating whether sex differences in the effects on craving, withdrawal, and affect would be observed at even lower nicotine yields than previously studied, and in young smokers.

methodsOvernight abstinent young smokers (23 men, 23 women, mean age 22.18) provided self-reports of craving, withdrawal, and affect before and after smoking cigarettes with yields of 0.027, 0.110, 0.231, or 0.763 mg nicotine, and evaluated characteristics of each cigarette.

resultsCompared to abstinent young men, abstinent young women reported greater negative affect, psychological withdrawal, and sedation, all of which were relieved equally by all cigarettes. Men but not women reported greater craving reduction, perceived nicotine content, and cigarette liking with increasing nicotine dose.

conclusionsMen may experience less smoking-related relief of craving, and enjoy cigarettes less, if nicotine yields are reduced to very low levels. Conversely, women respond equally well to cigarettes with nicotine yields as low as 0.027 mg as to cigarettes with nicotine yields 28-fold higher (0.763 mg). These differences are relevant for policy regarding reduced nicotine in cigarettes and may influence the efficacy and acceptability of reduced-nicotine cigarettes as smoking cessation aids.

Indexed as

AffectCravingFemaleHumansMaleNicotineSex FactorsSmokingSmoking CessationSubstance Withdrawal SyndromeTobacco Use DisorderYoung AdultNicotineAffectCravingNicotineNicotine withdrawalSex differencesSmoking

Identifiers

PMID29022071
PMCPMC6726112
OpenAlexW2761736077

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.