ArticleScientific reports2017
Trade routes and plague transmission in pre-industrial Europe.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Digital imaging, technologies and artificial intelligence applications during COVID-19 pandemic.Computerized medical imaging and graphics : the official journal of the Computerized Medical Imaging Society · 2021Pooled it
- Big Epidemiology: The Birth, Life, Death, and Resurgence of Diseases on a Global Timescale.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Genomic epidemiological analysis of county-scale Yersinia pestis spread pattern over 50 years in a Southwest Chinese prefecture.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- 14th century Yersinia pestis genomes support emergence of pestis secunda within Europe.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Plagued by a cryptic clock: insight and issues from the global phylogeny of Yersinia pestis.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Pestilence, Plague and Pandemics: A Troubled History.The Ulster medical journal · 2022Article
- Article
- Mass burial genomics reveals outbreak of enteric paratyphoid fever in the Late Medieval trade city Lübeck.iScience · 2021Article
- Yersinia pestis: the Natural History of Plague.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2020Review
- A digital reconstruction of the 1630-1631 large plague outbreak in Venice.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Climate drivers of plague epidemiology in British India, 1898-1949.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2020Article
- Human plague system associated with rodent diversity and other environmental factors.Royal Society open science · 2019Article
- Yersinia pestis and plague: an updated view on evolution, virulence determinants, immune subversion, vaccination, and diagnostics.Genes and immunity · 2019Review
- The 'light touch' of the Black Death in the Southern Netherlands: an urban trick?The Economic history review · 2019Article
- Integrative approach usingProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- A critical review of anthropological studies on skeletons from European plague pits of different epochs.Scientific reports · 2018Review
- Spatiotemporal Patterns and Diffusion of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in British India.American journal of epidemiology · 2018Article
- Climate and society in long-term perspective: Opportunities and pitfalls in the use of historical datasets.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Climate changeReview
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3 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Numerous historical works have mentioned that trade routes were to blame for the spread of plague in European history, yet this relationship has never been tested by quantitative evidence. Here, we resolve the hypothetical role of trade routes through statistical analysis on the geo-referenced major trade routes in the early modern period and the 6,656 geo-referenced plague outbreak records in AD1347-1760. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) estimation results show that major trade routes played a dominant role in spreading plague in pre-industrial Europe. Furthermore, the negative correlation between plague outbreaks and their distance from major trade ports indicates the absence of a permanent plague focus in the inland areas of Europe. Major trade routes decided the major plague outbreak hotspots, while navigable rivers determined the geographic pattern of sporadic plague cases. A case study in Germany indicates that plague penetrated further into Europe through the local trade route network. Based on our findings, we propose the mechanism of plague transmission in historical Europe, which is imperative in demonstrating how pandemics were spread in recent human history.
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