Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29020934›Full record

ArticleBMC genomics2017

Transcriptome analyses reveal SR45 to be a neutral splicing regulator and a suppressor of innate immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Xiao-Ning Zhang, Yifei Shi, Jordan J Powers, Nikhil B Gowda, Chong Zhang, Heba M M Ibrahim, Hannah B Ball, Samuel L Chen, Hua Lu, Stephen M Mount

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC genomics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.

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  5. RNA-binding proteins orchestrating immunity in plants.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Xiao-Ning ZhangBiochemistry Program, Department of Biology, St. Bonaventure University, St. Bonaventure, NY, 14778, USA. xzhang@sbu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8650-1356
Yifei ShiDepartment of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics and Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
Jordan J PowersBiochemistry Program, St. Bonaventure University, St. Bonaventure, NY, 14778, USA.
Nikhil B GowdaDepartment of Biology, St. Bonaventure University, St. Bonaventure, NY, 14778, USA.
Chong ZhangDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, 21250, USA.
Heba M M IbrahimDepartment of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics and Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
Hannah B BallBiochemistry Program, St. Bonaventure University, St. Bonaventure, NY, 14778, USA.
Samuel L ChenBioinformatics Program, St. Bonaventure University, St. Bonaventure, NY, 14778, USA.
Hua LuDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, 21250, USA.
Stephen M MountDepartment of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics and Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
St. Bonaventure University · USUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore County · USUniversity of Maryland, College Park · USCairo University · EG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRegulation of pre-mRNA splicing diversifies protein products and affects many biological processes. Arabidopsis thaliana Serine/Arginine-rich 45 (SR45), regulates pre-mRNA splicing by interacting with other regulatory proteins and spliceosomal subunits. Although SR45 has orthologs in diverse eukaryotes, including human RNPS1, the sr45-1 null mutant is viable. Narrow flower petals and reduced seed formation suggest that SR45 regulates genes involved in diverse processes, including reproduction. To understand how SR45 is involved in the regulation of reproductive processes, we studied mRNA from the wild-type and sr45-1 inflorescences using RNA-seq, and identified SR45-bound RNAs by immunoprecipitation.

resultsUsing a variety of bioinformatics tools, we identified a total of 358 SR45 differentially regulated (SDR) genes, 542 SR45-dependent alternative splicing (SAS) events, and 1812 SR45-associated RNAs (SARs). There is little overlap between SDR genes and SAS genes, and neither set of genes is enriched for flower or seed development. However, transcripts from reproductive process genes are significantly overrepresented in SARs. In exploring the fate of SARs, we found that a total of 81 SARs are subject to alternative splicing, while 14 of them are known Nonsense-Mediated Decay (NMD) targets. Motifs related to GGNGG are enriched both in SARs and near different types of SAS events, suggesting that SR45 recognizes this motif directly. Genes involved in plant defense are significantly over-represented among genes whose expression is suppressed by SR45, and sr45-1 plants do indeed show enhanced immunity.

conclusionWe find that SR45 is a suppressor of innate immunity. We find that a single motif (GGNGG) is highly enriched in both RNAs bound by SR45 and in sequences near SR45- dependent alternative splicing events in inflorescence tissue. We find that the alternative splicing events regulated by SR45 are enriched for this motif whether the effect of SR45 is activation or repression of the particular event. Thus, our data suggests that SR45 acts to control splice site choice in a way that defies simple categorization as an activator or repressor of splicing.

Indexed as

Gene Expression ProfilingRNA SplicingArabidopsisFlowersImmunity, InnateDifferential gene expressionInflorescencePlant defenseRegulation of alternative splicingSR45SR45-associated RNAs

Identifiers

PMID29020934
PMCPMC5637254
OpenAlexW2762895235

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.