ReviewNature biotechnology2017
Surge in insect resistance to transgenic crops and prospects for sustainability.
Review in Nature biotechnology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 227 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
227 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 630 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sequential evolution of resistance by western corn rootworm to multipleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Pooled it
- Operationalizing insect resistance management for commercialized Bt crops: an evidence-to-action framework for post-market stewardship.GM crops & food · 2026Review
- Genetically modified (GM) crop use 1996-2024: farm income and production impacts.GM crops & food · 2026Article
- Harnessing next-generation molecular technologies for precision control of Tuta absoluta and Helicoverpa armigera in tomato.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Review
- Corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) emergence patterns, survival, and injury in blended refuges and pure stands of short-stature corn and tall corn.Pest management science · 2026Article
- Scientific assessment of the 2024 post-market environmental monitoring report on the cultivation of genetically modified maize MON 810 in the EU.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026Article
- Commercial planting of genetically modified maize lowers pest damage, yield loss and pesticide usage in Northeast China.Pest management science · 2026Article
- Chickpea chitinases responsive to Helicoverpa herbivory and phytohormone signaling: genome-wide identification, field expression profiling, and structure-guided prioritization.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- A second locus associated with high-level resistance to Bt Cry1Ac inApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Identification, expression, and insecticidal activity analysis of a novel cry toxin gene from Bacillus thuringiensis Gxun777-1.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Quantifying yield losses from Bt resilience among maize cultivars in South Africa.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Fusion protein based strategies for developing insect-resistant crops.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Review
- Engineering next-generation crops through CRISPR-mediated horizontal gene transfer.The New phytologist · 2026Review
- Review
- Helicoverpa zea selected on Bt corn have wing shapes better suited to long distance flight.Environmental entomology · 2026Article
- Next-generation insect pest management: genetic innovations and emerging biocontrol strategies.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Review
- Environmental risk assessment of the Cry1B.34.1, Cry1B.61.1, and IPD083Cb proteins to non-target organisms.GM crops & food · 2025Article
- The effect of polygenic cotransformed Populus × euramericana cv. neva on major arhtropod populations.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Targeting the proteasome subunit PSMB5 by RNA interference induces proteasome dysfunction and mortality in the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata).Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Modelling the Effectiveness of Gene-Edited Salmon at Sea Lice Control and the Use of Refugia to Mitigate Counter-Adaptation.Evolutionary applications · 2025Article
167 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transgenic crops have revolutionized insect pest control, but their effectiveness has been reduced by evolution of resistance in pests. We analyzed global monitoring data reported during the first two decades of transgenic crops, with each case representing the responses of one pest species in one country to one insecticidal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). The cases of pest resistance to Bt crystalline (Cry) proteins produced by transgenic crops increased from 3 in 2005 to 16 in 2016. By contrast, in 17 other cases there was no decrease in pest susceptibility to Bt crops, including the recently introduced transgenic corn that produces a Bt vegetative insecticidal protein (Vip). Recessive inheritance of pest resistance has favored sustained susceptibility, but even when inheritance is not recessive, abundant refuges of non-Bt host plants have substantially delayed resistance. These insights may inform resistance management strategies to increase the durability of current and future transgenic crops.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.