ReviewESMO open2017
How many diseases is triple negative breast cancer: the protagonism of the immune microenvironment.
Review in ESMO open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- AMP hydrolysis reduction in blood plasma of breast cancer elderly patients after different treatments.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2021Trial
- The Future of Breast Cancer Treatment: From Conventional Wisdom to Nanotechnology-Enabled Precision.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Strategic Timing of Gene Silencing: Cellular Kinetics-Based Administration of siRNA for Optimized Photothermal Cancer Treatment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Bibliometric Analysis of The Global Research Trends on The Application of Tamoxifen in The Treatment of Breast Cancer Over The Past 50 Years.The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS · 2025Review
- Mechanisms of triple-negative breast cancer extravasation: Impact of the physical environment and endothelial glycocalyx.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2024Review
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- Article
- Targeting miR-21 to Overcome P-glycoprotein Drug Efflux in Doxorubicin-Resistant 4T1 Breast Cancer.Biomaterials research · 2024Article
- Stromal B Lymphocytes Affecting Prognosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Opal/TSA Multiplexed Immunofluorescence.International journal of women's health · 2024Article
- Notch-based gene signature for predicting the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- HER3/Akt/mTOR pathway is a key therapeutic target for the reduction of triple‑negative breast cancer metastasis via the inhibition of CXCR4 expression.International journal of molecular medicine · 2023Article
- The oncogenic roles and clinical implications of YAP/TAZ in breast cancer.British journal of cancer · 2023Review
- Biological Activity of Oleanolic Acid Derivatives HIMOXOL and Br-HIMOLID in Breast Cancer Cells Is Mediated by ER and EGFR.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Molecular Biology Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Biologics : targets & therapy · 2023Review
- Circulating low density neutrophils of breast cancer patients are associated with their worse prognosis due to the impairment of T cell responses.Oncotarget · 2021Article
- Active behavior of triple-negative breast cancer with adipose tissue invasion: a single center and retrospective review.BMC cancer · 2021Article
- Preliminary preclinical study of Chol-DsiRNA polyplexes formed with PLL[30]-PEG[5K] for the RNAi-based therapy of breast cancer.Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine · 2021Article
- HOMER3 facilitates growth factor-mediated β-Catenin tyrosine phosphorylation and activation to promote metastasis in triple negative breast cancer.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2021Article
- Human Microbiota and Breast Cancer-Is There Any Relevant Link?-A Literature Review and New Horizons Toward Personalised Medicine.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- The Anti-Proliferative Activity of Coordination Compound-Based ZnO Nanoparticles as a Promising Agent Against Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells.International journal of nanomedicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of breast cancer (BC) that does not express the oestrogen and the progesterone receptors and the human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2). Since there are no positive markers to reliably classify TNBC, these tumours are not yet treated with targeted therapies. Perhaps for this reason they are the most aggressive form of breast carcinomas. However, the clinical observation that these patients do not carry a uniformly dismal prognosis, coupled with data coming from pathology and epidemiology, suggests that this negative definition is not capturing a single clinical entity, but several. We critically evaluate this evidence in this paper, reviewing clinical and epidemiological data and new studies that aim to subclassify TNBC. Moreover, evidence on the role of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) on TNBC progression, response to chemotherapy and patient outcome have been published. The heterogeneity, observed even at TILs level, highlights the idea that TNBC is much more than a single disease with a unique treatment. The exploration of the immune environment present at the tumour site could indeed help in answering the question 'How many diseases is TNBC' and will help to define prognosis and eventually develop new therapies, by stimulating the immune effector cells or by inhibiting immunological repressor molecules. In this review, we focus on the prospect of the patient's diverse immune signatures within the tumour as potential biomarkers and how they could be modulated to fight the disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.