ReviewNature reviews. Molecular cell biology2018
Codon optimality, bias and usage in translation and mRNA decay.
Review in Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 466 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
466 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Fitness costs of mobilised colistin resistance gene 3 (mcr-3): systematic review, epidemiological study, and functional analysis.EBioMedicine · 2025Pooled it
- From RNA design to delivery: Computational strategies for functional RNA therapeutics.Bioactive materials · 2027Review
- Combining gene amplification with SEAP-reporter to achieve high expression of recombinant omicron XBB.1.5 spike protein.Protein expression and purification · 2027Article
- Codon Optimality Modulates Cellular Stress and Innate Immune Responses Triggered by Exogenous RNAs.Journal of molecular biology · 2026Article
- RNA N4-acetylcytidine modification in health and cancer: molecular mechanisms, cellular plasticity, and therapeutic opportunities.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Bioengineering strategies for improving the immunogenicity of mRNA vaccines.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Article
- Towards mRNA therapeutics 2.0.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Synonymous codon usage shapes ERα function through specialized translational programs during breast cancer progression.Oncogene · 2026Article
- Codon optimality predicts mRNA half-life but does not transfer to lncRNAs.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2026Article
- Enhancing protein expression in humans through codon optimization with transformer and contrastive learning.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- The Tor pathway, ribosome concentration, and wobble decoding mediate inhibitory effects of the Leu-Pro CUC-CCG codon pair inRNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- The leading region of many plasmids is adapted for translational efficiency.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Heat stress promotes pre-tRNA capping to modulate cap-dependent translation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Two Classes of Protein Therapeutics: Why Dose-Response Architecture Defines the Boundary of mRNA Medicines.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Characteristics of Mitochondrial Genomes and Phylogenetic Analysis of Three Species of Littorinimorpha Snails.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- From Codons to Protein Structure: Evolutionary Constraints of Mitochondrial Proteins in Corvides.Biology · 2026Article
- Enhanced Intracellular Stability and Translation Efficiency of mRNA Drugs by a 2-arm mRNA Platform.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Plastome Evolution and Codon Usage Dynamics inEcology and evolution · 2026Article
- Prolines in linkers of multi-domain proteins: Intrinsic regulators of misfolding and aggregation.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
406 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The advent of ribosome profiling and other tools to probe mRNA translation has revealed that codon bias - the uneven use of synonymous codons in the transcriptome - serves as a secondary genetic code: a code that guides the efficiency of protein production, the fidelity of translation and the metabolism of mRNAs. Recent advancements in our understanding of mRNA decay have revealed a tight coupling between ribosome dynamics and the stability of mRNA transcripts; this coupling integrates codon bias into the concept of codon optimality, or the effects that specific codons and tRNA concentrations have on the efficiency and fidelity of the translation machinery. In this Review, we first discuss the evidence for codon-dependent effects on translation, beginning with the basic mechanisms through which translation perturbation can affect translation efficiency, protein folding and transcript stability. We then discuss how codon effects are leveraged by the cell to tailor the proteome to maintain homeostasis, execute specific gene expression programmes of growth or differentiation and optimize the efficiency of protein production.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.