ArticleNature communications2017
Variant surface glycoprotein density defines an immune evasion threshold for African trypanosomes undergoing antigenic variation.
Article in Nature communications, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comparative Pathogenicity and Semi-quantitative Multi-organ Histopathology of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei Infection in Mice.Acta parasitologica · 2026Article
- Immunoinformatics Approach for the Designing of a Novel mRNA Vaccine Candidate Against Trypanosoma brucei.Acta parasitologica · 2026Article
- Haematology, serum biochemistry, innate and adaptive immune system responses to blood pathogen infections in cattle: A review.Parasitology research · 2026Review
- More than malaria: ExploringCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- A structural classification of the variant surface glycoproteins of the African trypanosome.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Competition among variants is predictable and contributes to the antigenic variation dynamics of African trypanosomes.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs): Potential Therapeutic Strategy against Trypanosomiases?Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Immunization with Genetically Modified Trypanosomes Provides Protection against Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Turnover of Variant Surface Glycoprotein in Trypanosoma brucei Is Not Altered in Response to Specific Silencing.mSphere · 2022Article
- Quantum Biochemistry Screening and In Vitro Evaluation ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Development of Reduced Peptide Bond Pseudopeptide Michael Acceptors for the Treatment of Human African Trypanosomiasis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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- Article
- Article
- Genetic and immunological basis of human African trypanosomiasis.Current opinion in immunology · 2021Review
- Autoimmunity to phosphatidylserine and anemia in African Trypanosome infections.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- The establishment of variant surface glycoprotein monoallelic expression revealed by single-cell RNA-seq of Trypanosoma brucei in the tsetse fly salivary glands.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- The History of Anti-Trypanosome Vaccine Development Shows That Highly Immunogenic and Exposed Pathogen-Derived Antigens Are Not Necessarily Good Target Candidates: Enolase and ISG75 as Examples.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Trypanosoma brucei is a protozoan parasite that evades its host's adaptive immune response by repeatedly replacing its dense variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) coat from its large genomic VSG repertoire. While the mechanisms regulating VSG gene expression and diversification have been examined extensively, the dynamics of VSG coat replacement at the protein level, and the impact of this process on successful immune evasion, remain unclear. Here we evaluate the rate of VSG replacement at the trypanosome surface following a genetic VSG switch, and show that full coat replacement requires several days to complete. Using in vivo infection assays, we demonstrate that parasites undergoing coat replacement are only vulnerable to clearance via early IgM antibodies for a limited time. Finally, we show that IgM loses its ability to mediate trypanosome clearance at unexpectedly early stages of coat replacement based on a critical density threshold of its cognate VSGs on the parasite surface. Trypanosoma brucei evades the host immune system through replacement of a variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) coat. Here, the authors show that VSG replacement takes several days to complete, and the parasite is vulnerable to the host immune system for a short period of time during the process.
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