ReviewShock (Augusta, Ga.)2018
A Novel Combination of Biomarkers to Herald the Onset of Sepsis Prior to the Manifestation of Symptoms.
Review in Shock (Augusta, Ga.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 for Predicting Sepsis Severity and Mortality Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Pooled it
- Sepsis as a complex syndrome: Are combined biomarkers the future of diagnosis and prognosis? Clinical perspective.Immunology letters · 2026Review
- Early biomarkers for predicting sepsis-induced shock: insights from inflammatory pathways and immune response.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Increased suPAR Plasma Levels May Indicate Postoperative Sepsis Following Open Thoracoabdominal Aortic Repair.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- MIP-Modified Porous Silicon Optical Sensor for Interleukin-6 Label-Free Quantification.Biosensors · 2025Article
- Biomarker-Driven Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy of Polymyxin B in Critically Ill Patients with XDR-GN Pneumonia.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Self-referenced Digital Spectral Chromatic Local Surface Plasmon Resonance in Ultrasensitive Severe Sepsis Interleukin-6 Detection.ACS sensors · 2025Article
- Association Between Plasma Granzyme B Levels, Organ Failure, and 28-Day Mortality Prediction in Patients with Sepsis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- The association between defecation frequency and mortality in critically ill patients with suspected sepsis in Israel.Acute and critical care · 2025Article
- Proposed observational study protocol for early differentiation of cytokine release syndrome and sepsis in CAR-T recipients with haematological malignancies using the IL-6/PCT ratio: the DRACARYS study.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Sepsis-Associated Brain Dysfunction: Mechanisms, Clinical Insights, and Therapeutic Strategies.Current drug targets · 2025Review
- Functional immune profiling of hyper- and hypo-inflammatory subphenotypes of critical illness: a secondary analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The Role of Serum Albumin and Secretory Phospholipase A2 in Sepsis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Navigating the Modern Landscape of Sepsis: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Heparin-Binding Protein Stratifies Mortality Risk Among Ugandan Children Hospitalized With Respiratory Distress.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Combining multiple biomarkers linearly to minimize the Euclidean distance of the closest point on the receiver operating characteristic surface to the perfection corner in trichotomous settings.Statistical methods in medical research · 2024Article
- Recent Progresses in Optical Biosensors for Interleukin 6 Detection.Biosensors · 2023Review
- Pericyte Loss in Diseases.Cells · 2023Review
- Significance of sTREM-1 and sST2 combined diagnosis for sepsis detection and prognosis prediction.Open life sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sepsis, which kills over 200,000 patients and costs over $20 billion in the United States alone, presents a constant but preventable challenge in the healthcare system. Among the more challenging problems that it presents is misdiagnosis due to conflation with other inflammatory processes, as its mechanisms are identical to those of other inflammatory states. Unfortunately, current biomarker tests can only assess the severity and mortality risk of each case, whereas no single test exists that can predict sepsis prior to the onset of symptoms for the purpose of pre-emptive care and monitoring. We propose that a single test utilizing three, rather than two, biomarkers that appear most quickly in the blood and are the most specific for sepsis rather than trauma, may improve diagnostic accuracy and lead to lessened patient morbidity and mortality. Such a test would vastly improve patient outcomes and quality of life, prevent complications for sepsis survivors, and prevent hospital readmissions, saving the American healthcare system money. This review summarizes the current use of sepsis biomarkers to prognosticate morbidity and mortality, and rejects the current single-biomarker and even combination biomarker tests as non-specific and inaccurate for current patient needs/pro-inflammatory cytokines, general markers of inflammation, and proteins specific to myeloid cells (and therefore to infection) are discussed. Ultimately, the review suggests a three-biomarker test of procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) to diagnose sepsis before the onset of symptoms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.