Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28993983›Full record

SynthesisClinical reviews in allergy & immunology2017

Skin Manifestations Associated with Autoimmune Liver Diseases: a Systematic Review.

Benedetta Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli, Pietro Invernizzi, M Eric Gershwin, Carlo Mainetti

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Autoimmune Hepatitis Associated with Other Autoimmune Diseases: A Critical Review.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2025
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Alopecia in Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis Treated by Tacrolimus Therapy.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. [Cutaneous hyperpigmentation as a manifestation in acute on chronic liver failure].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2022
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Autoimmmune hepatitis.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2022
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Autoimmunity in 2017.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2018
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Benedetta Terziroli Beretta-PiccoliEpatocentro Ticino, Lugano, Switzerland. benedetta.terziroli@hin.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5004-5029
Pietro InvernizziDivision of Gastroenterology and Program for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, International Center for Digestive Health, University of Milan-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
M Eric GershwinDivision of Rheumatology Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The University of California School of Medicine, Davis, California, USA.
Carlo MainettiDermatologia Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Ospedale Regionale Bellinzona e Valli, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale · CHEpatocentro Ticino · CHUniversity of California, Davis · USUniversity of Milano-Bicocca · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autoimmune liver diseases, which include mainly autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and the variant syndromes, are often associated with extrahepatic autoimmune diseases. However, the association with cutaneous diseases is less well described. In the present article, we provide a systematic literature review on skin manifestations linked to each of these four autoimmune liver diseases, excluding skin manifestations of systemic diseases. The association of autoimmune hepatitis with vitiligo is well known, with a particular striking association with type 2 autoimmune hepatitis, a condition occurring almost entirely in children and adolescents, much rarer and more aggressive than type 1 autoimmune hepatitis; probable associations are also identified with alopecia areata, psoriasis, and pyoderma gangrenosum. Primary biliary cholangitis is not linked to lichen planus as previously assumed, but to vitiligo, psoriasis and the very rare amicrobial pustulosis of the folds. The proposed diagnostic criteria for this latter condition include the presence of anti-mitochondrial autoantibodies, the serological hallmark of primary biliary cholangitis. The very strong association of primary sclerosing cholangitis with inflammatory bowel diseases hampers the search for an association with skin diseases, since inflammatory bowel diseases have a strong association with various dermatological condition, including neutrophilic dermatoses and erythema nodosum. Nevertheless, a probable association of primary sclerosing cholangitis with psoriasis is identified in this review. Variant syndromes, also called overlap syndromes, are likely associated with vitiligo as well, which is not surprising, since autoimmune hepatitis is a feature of these conditions and they may share regions of the MHC.

Indexed as

Autoimmune DiseasesAutoimmunityCholangitisHepatitisHumansLiverLiver DiseasesPsoriasisSkinVitiligoAlopecia areataAutoimmune hepatitisPrimary biliary cholangitisPrimary sclerosing cholangitisPsoriasisPyoderma gangrenosumVariant syndromeVitiligo

Identifiers

PMID28993983
OpenAlexW2763434233

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.