ArticleFrontiers in immunology2017
Spontaneous Secretion of the Citrullination Enzyme PAD2 and Cell Surface Exposure of PAD4 by Neutrophils.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Discovery of Post-Translationally Modified Epitopes in Autoimmunity: Someone Has to Fish so Everyone Can Eat.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Protein Posttranslational Modifications in Immunity: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2026Review
- NLRP3 inflammasome promotes PAD2/PAD4 release and protein citrullination in rheumatoid arthritis.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Beyond PAD Inhibition: Emerging Avenues and Natural Products for Targeting Citrullination in Immune Diseases.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Hydrogen sulphide modifies the therapeutic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in an adjuvant-induced polyarthritis rat model through the mitigation of angiogenesis, ectopic lymphoid tissue formation, and osteoclastogenesis.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Periodontitis Leads to Systemic Bone Loss through Neutrophil Reprogramming.Journal of dental research · 2026Article
- Increased number of crosslinking sites for factor XIII counteracts the mechanical and lytic destabilization of fibrin caused by citrullination of fibrinogen.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Peptidylarginine Deiminases: An Overview of Recent Advances in Citrullination Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Citrullination in Tumor Metastasis, Inside and Outside the Cells.Cancer science · 2025Review
- Harnessing biomaterials for tuning inflammation: A neutrophil-centric perspective.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Sex-dependent effects of peptidylarginine deiminases on neutrophil function and long-term outcomes after spinal cord injury.Experimental neurology · 2025Article
- Anti-Peptidylarginine Deiminase 4 Autoantibodies Derived From Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Exert Pathogenic Effects by Activating Monocytes and Exacerbating Inflammatory Arthritis.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Targeting PAD4: A Promising Strategy to Combat β-Cell Loss in Type 1 Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Neutrophil extracellular traps in tumor metabolism and microenvironment.Biomarker research · 2025Review
- The nature of the post-translational modifications of the autoantigen LL37 influences the autoreactive T-helper cell phenotype in psoriasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Neutrophil diversity and function in health and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- A cyclic peptide toolkit reveals mechanistic principles of peptidylarginine deiminase IV regulation.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Evidence of membranolytic targeting and intracellular citrullination in neutrophils isolated from patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Neutrophil-Derived Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase Activity Contributes to Pulmonary Emphysema by Enhancing Elastin Degradation.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Autoantibodies directed against citrullinated epitopes of proteins are highly diagnostic of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and elevated levels of protein citrullination can be found in the joints of patients with RA. Calcium-dependent peptidyl-arginine deiminases (PAD) are the enzymes responsible for citrullination. PAD2 and PAD4 are enriched in neutrophils and likely drive citrullination under inflammatory conditions. PADs may be released during NETosis or cell death, but the mechanisms responsible for PAD activity under physiological conditions have not been fully elucidated. To understand how PADs citrullinate extracellular proteins, we investigated the cellular localization and activity of PAD2 and PAD4, and we report that viable neutrophils from healthy donors have active PAD4 exposed on their surface and spontaneously secrete PAD2. Neutrophil activation by some stimulatory agents increased the levels of immunoreactive PAD4 on the cell surface, and some stimuli reduced PAD2 secretion. Our data indicate that live neutrophils have the inherent capacity to express active extracellular PADs. These novel pathways are distinguished from intracellular PAD activation during NETosis and calcium influx-mediated hypercitrullination. Our study implies that extracellular PADs may have a physiological role under non-pathogenic conditions as well as a pathological role in RA.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.