Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28989949›Full record

ArticleTobacco regulatory science2017

Promising Themes for Antismoking Campaigns Targeting Youth and Young Adults.

Emily Brennan, Laura A Gibson, Ani Kybert-Momjian, Jiaying Liu, Robert C Hornik

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Tobacco regulatory science, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Exploring Young Adults' Beliefs About Cigar Smoking by Susceptibility: A Belief Elicitation Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023
    Trial
  4. Young Adult Responses to Peer Crowd-Based Targeting in E-cigarette Advertisements: An Experimental Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023
    Trial
  5. The Impact of The Real Cost Vaping and Smoking Ads across Tobacco Products.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023
    Trial
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  9. Identifying key beliefs for anti-disinformation messaging for Black adults about proposed US bans on menthol cigarettes and flavored cigars.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026
    Article
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  12. Exploring Perceptions of Anti-vaping Message Themes: A Qualitative Study of Australian Adolescents and Adults.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Emily BrennanDavid Hill Research Fellow, Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Laura A GibsonResearch Director, Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
Ani Kybert-MomjianResearch Coordinator, Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
Jiaying LiuDoctoral Student, Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
Robert C HornikWilbur Schramm Professor of Communication and Health Policy, Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.

Funding

UPENN TCORS: Tobacco Product Messaging in a Complex Communication EnvironmentP50CA179546 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI HORNIK, ROBERT C., LERMAN, CARYN · 2013 to 2017
$18.7M
Training / Career DevelopmentP20CA095856 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI HORNIK, ROBERT C. · 2008 to 2012
$8.7M
NCI NIH HHS P20 CA095856NCI NIH HHS P50 CA179546
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesBehavior change campaigns typically try to change beliefs that influence behaviors, with targeted beliefs comprising the campaign theme. We present an empirical approach for choosing among a large number of potential themes, and results from the implementation of this approach for campaigns aimed at 4 behavioral targets: (1) preventing smoking initiation among youth, and (2) preventing initiation, (3) stopping progression to daily smoking and (4) encouraging cessation among young adults.

methodsAn online survey of 13- to 17-year-olds and 18- to 25-year-olds in the United States (US), in which 20 potential campaign themes were represented by 154 beliefs. For each behavioral target, themes were ranked based on the strength of belief-intention and belief-behavior associations and size of the population not already endorsing the beliefs.

resultsThe most promising themes varied across behavioral targets but 3 were consistently promising: consequences of smoking for mood, social acceptance and social popularity.

conclusionsUsing a robust and systematic approach, this study provides campaign developers with empirical data to inform their selection of promising themes. Findings related to the campaign to prevent initiation among youth informed the development of the US Food and Drug Administration's "The Real Cost" campaign.

Indexed as

campaign developmentcommunication campaignssmoking preventiontobacco useyouth

Identifiers

PMID28989949
PMCPMC5625632

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.