ArticleHIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.)2017
Effect of late HIV diagnosis on HIV-related mortality among adults in general hospitals of Central Zone Tigray, northern Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incidence and Predictors of Mortality Among Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Pooled it
- Advanced Stage Disease Progression and Mortality Rate Before and After the Implementation of the Universal Test and Treat Strategy (UTT) for HIV Patients in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Examining Survival of People Diagnosed With HIV in Florida Between 2015 and 2021 After a Late, Delayed, or Timely Diagnosis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- Never tested for HIV? Characteristics of first-time testers among MSM in Chongqing and Chengdu, China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Viral suppression by residency status among men living with HIV in the context of the expanded ART policy in Shanghai, China.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- A Closer Look at the Perceived Factors Contributing To Late HIV Diagnoses: A Qualitative Study among People with HIV.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Article
- Prevalence and characteristics of people with HIV who had late, delayed and timely HIV diagnoses in Florida, 2015-2021.AIDS care · 2025Article
- Article
- The effect of late presentation on HIV related mortality among adolescents in public hospitals of north showa zone Oromiya, Ethiopia; 2022: a retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Late presentations and missed opportunities among newly diagnosed HIV patients presenting to a specialty clinic in Lebanon.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Determinants of Late HIV Diagnosis and Advanced HIV Disease Among People Living with HIV in Tanzania.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Correlates of never testing for HIV among men who have sex with men in Malaysia: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2023Article
- KNOWLEDGE, STIGMA, AND HIV TESTING: AN ANALYSIS OF A WIDESPREAD HIV/AIDS PROGRAM.Journal of development economics · 2023Article
- Duration of delayed diagnosis in HIV/AIDS patients in Iran: a CD4 depletion model analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- HIV testing uptake, enablers, and barriers among African migrants in China: A nationwide cross-sectional study.Journal of global health · 2022Article
- Determinants of Late HIV Presentation at Ndlavela Health Center in Mozambique.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Mortality in HIV and tuberculosis patients following implementation of integrated HIV-TB treatment: Results from an open-label cluster-randomized trial.EClinicalMedicine · 2022Article
- Predictors of Survival Time Among HIV-Infected Adults After Initiating Anti-Retroviral Therapy in Kombolcha Town: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe global incidence of HIV infection is not significantly decreasing, especially in sub-Saharan African countries, including Ethiopia. Though there is availability and accessibility of free HIV services, people are not being diagnosed early for HIV, and hence patients are still dying of HIV-related causes. This research is aimed at verifying the effect of late diagnosis of HIV on HIV-related mortality in Central Zone Tigray, Ethiopia.
methodsA retrospective cohort study among adult (≥15 years old) HIV patients in three general hospitals of Tigray was conducted. Record reviews were carried out retrospectively from 2010 to 2015. Sample size was determined using stpower Cox in Stata software. Data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 software and transferred to Stata version 12 for analysis. Both bivariable and multivariable analyses were performed using Cox regression model to compare the HIV-related mortality of exposed (cluster of differentiation 4 cells count <350 cells/mm
resultIn all, 638 HIV patients were analyzed, contributing 2,105.6 person-years. Forty-eight (7.5%) patients died of HIV-related causes with a mortality rate of 2.28 per 100 person-years. In the multivariable Cox regression model, patients with late diagnosis of HIV had a higher risk of mortality (AHR =3.22, 95% CI: 1.17-8.82) than patients with early diagnosis of HIV. Rural residence (AHR =1.96, 95% CI: 1.05-3.68), unemployment (AHR =2.70, 95% CI: 1.03-7.08), bedridden patients (AHR =2.98, 95% CI: 1.45-6.13), ambulatory patients (AHR =2.54, 95% CI: 1.05-6.15), and baseline hemoglobin level of <11 mg/dL (AHR =3.06, 95% CI: 1.51-6.23) were other independent predictors of mortality. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Late diagnosis of HIV increased HIV-related mortality. Rural residence, unemployment, bedridden and ambulatory patients, and baseline hemoglobin level <11 mg/dL were also independent predictors of HIV-related mortality.
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