ArticleBiological psychiatry2018
Heritability of Schizophrenia and Schizophrenia Spectrum Based on the Nationwide Danish Twin Register.
Article in Biological psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 295 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
295 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- From risk to chronicity: genetic and neuroimaging insights into the evolving patterns of spontaneous brain activity in schizophrenia.Psychological medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Neural Activity Alterations and Their Association With Neurotransmitter and Genetic Profiles in Schizophrenia: Evidence From Clinical Patients and Unaffected Relatives.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Familial Risk for Schizophrenia vs Bipolar Disorder and Task-Based Neural Activation: A functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Meta-Analysis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2024Pooled it
- The impact of treating parental bipolar disorder and schizophrenia on their children's mental health and wellbeing: an empty systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of the Human Accelerated Regions in Schizophrenia and Related Disorders: Where the Evolutionary and Neurodevelopmental Hypotheses Converge.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Analysing an allelic series of rare missense variants of CACNA1I in a Swedish schizophrenia cohort.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Prefrontal cortex stimulation prevents stress-induced HPA axis reactivity in people at familial risk of schizophrenia.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Trial
- Identification of hub genes involved in early-onset schizophrenia: from genetic susceptibility to predicted regulated gene expression.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Evidence-based atlas of risk and protective factors for psychotic disorders: an umbrella review to inform personalized prognosis and prevention.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2026Article
- Disorder-specific and shared genetic architecture underlying schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Investigating the associations between neurodevelopmental and psychiatric genetic liability and adverse social and functional outcomes across childhood, adolescence and young-adulthood.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- End-to-end deep learning methods for genetic risk prediction of schizophrenia.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Loss of schizophrenia risk gene XPO7 disrupts neuronal excitability and network regularity via altered NaMolecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Polygenic risk meets early trauma: toward a neuropsychodevelopmental model of schizophrenia.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Article
- Gestational Hypoxia Disrupts Medial Ganglionic Eminence Progenitor Dynamics and Interneuron Development in Schizophrenia.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Mapping genetic convergence across brain structure, mental health, and cardiometabolic disease.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Cognitive pleiotropy reveals disorder-specific and shared biology for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Genetic pathways linking oxytocin-vasotocin hypothalamic subunit architecture with psychiatric and metabolic traits.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Transcriptome-informed brain cartography of polygenic risk and association with brain structure in major psychiatric disorders.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Multi-ancestry multi-trait analysis reveals shared genetics across major psychiatric disorders and Alzheimer's disease.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
235 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTwin studies have provided evidence that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to schizophrenia (SZ) risk. Heritability estimates of SZ in twin samples have varied methodologically. This study provides updated heritability estimates based on nationwide twin data and an improved statistical methodology.
methodsCombining two nationwide registers, the Danish Twin Register and the Danish Psychiatric Research Register, we identified a sample of twins born between 1951 and 2000 (N = 31,524 twin pairs). Twins were followed until June 1, 2011. Liability threshold models adjusting for censoring with inverse probability weighting were used to estimate probandwise concordance rates and heritability of the diagnoses of SZ and SZ spectrum disorders.
resultsThe probandwise concordance rate of SZ is 33% in monozygotic twins and 7% in dizygotic twins. We estimated the heritability of SZ to be 79%. When expanding illness outcome to include SZ spectrum disorders, the heritability estimate was almost similar (73%).
conclusionsThe key strength of this study is the application of a novel statistical method accounting for censoring in the follow-up period to a nationwide twin sample. The estimated 79% heritability of SZ is congruent with previous reports and indicates a substantial genetic risk. The high genetic risk also applies to a broader phenotype of SZ spectrum disorders. The low concordance rate of 33% in monozygotic twins demonstrates that illness vulnerability is not solely indicated by genetic factors.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.