ReviewGenome biology and evolution2017
Mobile Genetic Elements and Evolution of CRISPR-Cas Systems: All the Way There and Back.
Review in Genome biology and evolution, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 165 citations in OpenAlex.
- CRISPR-Cas systems as next-generation antimicrobials: a systemic review of mechanisms, delivery strategies, and translational challenges.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Large-scale mutational analysis uncovers molecular mechanisms governing dual RNA functions in transposons.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Identification and structure determination of a type III-Bv CRISPR complex that post-translationally modifies an associated toxin.Structure (London, England : 1993) · 2026Article
- Hawaiian geothermal fumaroles contain diverse and novel viruses.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- CRISPR rewired: from adaptive immunity to a global virulence control network in Salmonella.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Review
- Hawaiian Geothermal Fumaroles Contain Diverse and Novel Viruses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Expression of the VapD protein byMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2026Article
- Sequential structural rearrangements at the PAM-distal site of a type I-F3 CRISPR-Cas effector enabling RNA-guided DNA transposition.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Study ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Role of CRISPR-Cas systems in periodontal disease pathogenesis and potential for periodontal therapy: A review.Molecular oral microbiology · 2025Review
- Direct repeats found in the vicinity of intron splice sites.Die Naturwissenschaften · 2025Article
- Novel adaptive immune systems in pristine Antarctic soils.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Enrichment of horizontally transferred gene clusters in bacterial extracellular vesicles via non lytic mechanisms.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- Snapshot of Defense Systems in Multidrug ResistantmicroPublication biology · 2025Article
- Biochemical plasticity of the Escherichia coli CRISPR Cascade revealed by in vitro reconstitution of Cascade activities from purified Cas proteins.The FEBS journal · 2024Article
- Visualization of Type IV-A1 CRISPR-mediated repression of gene expression and plasmid replication.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Natural and Engineered Guide RNA-Directed Transposition with CRISPR-Associated Tn7-Like Transposons.Annual review of biochemistry · 2024Review
- Antagonistic conflict between transposon-encoded introns and guide RNAs.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- CRISPR/Cas-Mediated Genome Engineering in Plants: Application and Prospectives.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) systems of bacterial and archaeal adaptive immunity show multifaceted evolutionary relationships with at least five classes of mobile genetic elements (MGE). First, the adaptation module of CRISPR-Cas that is responsible for the formation of the immune memory apparently evolved from a Casposon, a self-synthesizing transposon that employs the Cas1 protein as the integrase and might have brought additional cas genes to the emerging immunity loci. Second, a large subset of type III CRISPR-Cas systems recruited a reverse transcriptase from a Group II intron, providing for spacer acquisition from RNA. Third, effector nucleases of Class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems that are responsible for the recognition and cleavage of the target DNA were derived from transposon-encoded TnpB nucleases, most likely, on several independent occasions. Fourth, accessory nucleases in some variants of types I and III toxin and type VI effectors RNases appear to be ultimately derived from toxin nucleases of microbial toxin-antitoxin modules. Fifth, the opposite direction of evolution is manifested in the recruitment of CRISPR-Cas systems by a distinct family of Tn7-like transposons that probably exploit the capacity of CRISPR-Cas to recognize unique DNA sites to facilitate transposition as well as by bacteriophages that employ them to cope with host defense. Additionally, individual Cas proteins, such as the Cas4 nuclease, were recruited by bacteriophages and transposons. The two-sided evolutionary connection between CRISPR-Cas and MGE fits the "guns for hire" paradigm whereby homologous enzymatic machineries, in particular nucleases, are shuttled between MGE and defense systems and are used alternately as means of offense or defense.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.