ReviewFrontiers in psychology2017
Are the Fathers Alright? A Systematic and Critical Review of Studies on Gay and Bisexual Fatherhood.
Review in Frontiers in psychology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Are the children alright? A systematic review of psychological adjustment of children conceived by assisted reproductive technologies.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Exploring the intersection of gender identity and homoparental family structure: Implications for educational, family and personal well-being in Spanish students.The British journal of developmental psychology · 2025Article
- Unpacking categorizations in researching GBTIQ+ parents.Sexualities · 2025Article
- Neither Parents' Sex Nor the Type of Family Modulates Attentional Bias Toward Infant Faces: A Preliminary Study in Different-Sex and Same-Sex Parents.Archives of sexual behavior · 2024Article
- Comfort with LGB people and attitudes toward same-sex parenting in Continental American Hispanic Nations.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Does Same-Sex Marriage Legalization Make Gay Men Want to Have Children? Findings from a Panel Study in Taiwan.Sexuality research & social policy : journal of NSRC : SR & SP · 2023Article
- Mental Health Disparities Between Lesbian Mothers and Heterosexual Parents: the Mediating Role of Positivity.Sexuality research & social policy : journal of NSRC : SR & SP · 2023Article
- Assisted Conception Socialization Self-Efficacy Among Israeli Lesbian, Gay, and Heterosexual Parent Families and its Association with Child Externalizing Problems.Journal of child and family studies · 2023Article
- Father-child bonding and mental health in gay fathers using cross-border surrogacy during the COVID-19 pandemic.Reproductive biomedicine online · 2021Article
- Different Placement Practices for Different Families? Children's Adjustment in LGH Adoptive Families.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Lesbian and Gay Individual Parenting Desires in Heteronormative Contexts.Europe's journal of psychology · 2020Article
- Pathways to Fatherhood: Psychological Well-Being Among Israeli Gay Fathers Through Surrogacy, Gay Fathers Through Previous Heterosexual Relationships, and Heterosexual Fathers.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- The Perceptions of New Zealand Lawyers and Social Workers About Children Being Adopted by Gay Couples and Lesbian Couples.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- Understanding Parenting Intentions Among Childfree Gay Men: A Comparison With Lesbian Women and Heterosexual Men and Women.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- Stigma Experiences, Mental Health, Perceived Parenting Competence, and Parent-Child Relationships Among Lesbian, Gay, and Heterosexual Adoptive Parents in the United States.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- Children's Exploration of Their Surrogacy Origins in Gay Two-Father Families: Longitudinal Associations With Child Attachment Security and Parental Scaffolding During Discussions About Conception.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- Can Children Have Ordinary Expectable Caregiving Environments in Unconventional Contexts? Quality of Care Organization in Three Mexican Same-Sex Planned Families.Frontiers in psychology · 2018Article
- LGBTQ+ Persons' Experiences of Parenthood in the Context of Maternal and Child Health Care: A Meta-ethnography.Global qualitative nursing researchArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The purpose of the present systematic and critical review was to assess the findings and to identify the gaps in the literature concerning gay and bisexual fathers. A comprehensive search of relevant literature using electronic databases and reference lists for articles published until December 2016 was conducted. A total of 63 studies, spanning from 1979 to 2016, were collected. More than half of the studies were published after 2011 and the overwhelming majority were conducted in the United States. Nine themes were identified in the studies reviewed: (1) Pathways to fatherhood; (2) Motivations for fatherhood; (3) Parenting experiences and childrearing; (4) Family life and relationship quality; (5) Gender and father identities and gender-role orientation; (6) Disclosure of sexual identity; (7) Social climate; (8) Father's psychosocial adjustment; and (9) Children's psychosocial adjustment. It was found that research on gay fatherhood appears to be more heterogeneous than on lesbian motherhood, perhaps because of the variety of pathways to parenthood (via co-parenting, adoption, fostering, or surrogacy). Two-father families are becoming more visible in research on sexual minority parenting and gradually transforming the conceptualization of parenting in family research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.